Abstract
Statin therapy has become a cornerstone to stabilize, reduce, and prevent atherosclerosis. Despite the success of the statins very few additional agents have been successfully developed and introduced for LDL-C lowering, ezetimibe as a cholesterol absorption inhibitor being the exception [1]. Other promising lipid lowering agents such as fibrates and niacin have failed to provide mortality benefits in large clinical trials and are only used in selected clinical settings such as severe hypertriglyceridemia and residual diabetic dyslipidemia.
This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.
Access this chapter
Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout
Purchases are for personal use only
Similar content being viewed by others
References
Stein EA, Ose L, Retterstol K, et al. Further reductions in low-density lipoprotein cholesterol and C-reactive protein with the addition of ezetimibe to maximum dose rosuvastatin in patients with severe hypercholesterolemia. J Clin Lipidol. 2007;1:280–6.
LaRosa JC, Grundy SM, Waters DD, et al. Treating to New Targets (TNT) Investigators. Intensive lipid lowering with atorvastatin in patients with stable coronary disease. N Engl J Med. 2005;352:1425–35.
Davidson MH, Maki KC, Pearson TA, et al. Results of the National Cholesterol Education (NCEP) Program Evaluation ProjecT Utilizing Novel E-Technology (NEPTUNE) II survey and implications for treatment under the recent NCEP Writing Group recommendations. Am J Cardiol. 2005;96:556–63.
Kostner KM, Maerz W, Kostner GM. When should we measure Lp(a)? Eur Heart J. 2013;34:3268–76.
Bruckert E, Hayem G, Dejager S, et al. Mild to moderate muscular symptoms with high-dosage statin therapy in hyperlipidemic patients – the PRIMO study. Cardiovasc Drugs Ther. 2005;19:403–14.
Wetterau JR, Aggerbeck LP, Bouma ME, et al. Absence of microsomal triglyceride transfer protein in individuals with abetalipoproteinemia. Science. 1992;258:999–1001.
Zaiss S, Gruetzmann R, Ulrich M. BAY 13-9952, an inhibitor of the microsomal triglyceride transfer protein (MTP), dose-dependently blocks the formation of atherosclerotic plaques and renders them more stable in apoE knockout mice. Circulation. 1999;100(18 Suppl 1):Abst 1343.
Farnier M, Stein E, Megnien S, et al. Efficacy and safety of implitapide, a microsomal triglyceride transfer protein inhibitor in patients with primary hypercholesterolemia. Abstract book of the XIV international symposium on drugs affecting lipid metabolism in New York, 9–12 Sept 2001. p. 46.
Chandler CE, et al. CP-346086: an MTP inhibitor that lowers plasma total, VLDL, and LDL cholesterol and triglycerides by up to 70% in experimental animals and in humans. J Lipid Res. 2003;44:1887–901.
Cuchel M, Bloedon LT, Szapary PO, et al. Inhibition of microsomal triglyceride transfer protein in familial hypercholesterolemia. N Engl J Med. 2007;356:148–56.
Samaha FF, McKenney J, Bloedon LT, et al. Inhibition of microsomal triglyceride transfer protein alone or with ezetimibe in patients with moderate hypercholesterolemia. Nat Clin Pract Cardiovasc Med. 2008;5:497–505.
Cuchel M, Meagher EA, Du Toit theron H. Efficacy and Safety of a microsomal triglyceride transfer protein inhibitor in patients with homocygous familial hypercholesterolemia: a single-arm, openlabel, phase 3 study. Lancet. 2013;381:40–6.
Surface logix achieves big objectives with SLx-4090 in Phase 2a clinical trial. 2008. http://www.surfacelogix.com/news/news_080129.htm. 29 Jan 2008.
Chennamsetty I, Claudel T, Kostner K, et al. Farnesoid X receptor represses hepatic apolipoprotein (a) gene expression: studies in humans and transgenic mice. J Clin Invest. 2011;9:45277.
Ladenson PH, Kristensen JD, Ridgeway EC, et al. Use of the thyroid hormone analogue eprotirome in statin treated dyslipidemia. N Engl J Med. 2010;362:906–16.
Scanlan TS. A case history of bench to clinic drug discovery and development. Heart Fail Rev. 2010;15:177–82.
Amano Y, Nishimoto T, Tozawa R, et al. Lipid-lowering effects of TAK-475, a squalene synthase inhibitor, in animal models of familial hypercholesterolemia. Eur J Pharmacol. 2003;466:155–61.
Piper E, Price G, Chen Y. TAK-475, a squalene synthase inhibitor improves lipid profile in hyperlipidemic subjects. Circulation. 2006;114(18 Suppl):II-288. Abstract 1493.
Piper E, Price G, Munsaka M, Karim A. TAK-475, a squalene synthase inhibitor, coadministered with atorvastatin: a pharmacokinetic study. American Society for Clinical Pharmacology and Therapeutics Annual Meeting March 21–24, 2007 Anaheim. (PI-75). Clin Pharmacol Ther. 2007;91(Suppl 1):S37. Abstract.
Kostner K. Treatment of elevated Lp(a). Handbook of experimental pharmacology atherosclerosis, vol. 170. Springer; Berlin: 2005. p. 519–36.
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding author
Editor information
Editors and Affiliations
Rights and permissions
Copyright information
© 2015 Springer International Publishing Switzerland
About this chapter
Cite this chapter
Kostner, K. (2015). Other Possible Drug Combinations for Dyslipidemia. In: Banach, M. (eds) Combination Therapy In Dyslipidemia. Adis, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-20433-8_10
Download citation
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-20433-8_10
Publisher Name: Adis, Cham
Print ISBN: 978-3-319-20432-1
Online ISBN: 978-3-319-20433-8
eBook Packages: MedicineMedicine (R0)