Abstract
Since natural disasters frequently happen all over the world, we must make effective preparations for such disasters. As the implementation of sophisticated computerization expands, the society now benefits from ubiquitous network and cloud computing. Consequently, we can utilize a variety of information systems effectively for disaster reduction measures. Based on the experiences of natural disasters, among a variety of information systems , the roles of GIS (Geographic Information Systems) and social media are considered important for collection and transmission of disaster information. Against the above-mentioned backdrop, the present study aims to classify disaster risk management for natural disasters into three stages—normal times, disaster outbreak times, and times of recovery and reconstruction—to introduce the results of development and operation of social media GIS during each of these three stages. The social media GIS targeted residents who were more than 18 years old in the Tama region of Tokyo metropolis and the neighboring area in Japan for two months. Subsequently, the systems were evaluated based on the results of an online questionnaire survey to users, access surveys using log data during operation of the systems, and an analysis of the submitted information. Based on the results of the evaluation, measures for improvement of the development and operation of social media GIS can be summarized into three areas regarding (a) participation of various users and partnership with local communities, (b) usability, and (c) long-term actual operation.
This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.
Access this chapter
Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout
Purchases are for personal use only
Similar content being viewed by others
References
Cabinet Office, Government of Japan. (2012). White paper on disaster management 2012. Tokyo.
Central Disaster Management Council. (2012). Committee for policy planning on disaster management—Final report: Toward reconstruction for Japan that is unshakable. Tokyo.
Fujita, H., Kato, R., Shinohara, S., Seki, M., Yoshida, S., & Sadohara, S. (2008). Construction of the safety map by GIS in large-scale apartment complex: Intended for Wakabadai apartment complex, Yokohama. Proceedings of the Annual Conference of the Institute of Social Safety Science, 23, 79–82.
Godchild, M. F. (2007). Citizens as sensors: The world of volunteered geography. GeoJournal, 69(4), 211–221.
Greene, R. W. (2002). Confronting catastrophe: A GIS handbook. Redlands: ESRI Press.
Inoguchi, M., Tamura, K., Furuya, T., Kimura, R., & Hayashi, H. (2011). Proposal of effective on-demand mashup among spatial information from the activity of emergency map** team: A case study of the 2011 off the pacific coast of Tohoku Earthquake. Journal of Social Safety Science, 15, 219–229.
Kajiki, N. (2006). Examination of making regional safety map by partnership between elementary school and community: Case study of advanced efforts made by West-Suma elementary school in Kobe. Summaries of Technical Papers of Annual Meeting Architectural Institute of Japan, F-1, pp. 539–540.
Kato, T., Kobayashi, M., Sato, N., & Yotsuyanagi, T. (2010). Prototype development of “geospatial disaster management mashup system”. Monthly Journal of the Institute of Industrial Science, University of Tokyo, 62(4), 377–380.
Kawasaki, A., & Meguro, K. (2010). New movement on the geospatial utilization for disaster response in the Haiti earthquake. Monthly Journal of the Institute of Industrial Science, University of Tokyo, 62(4), 409–416.
Korida, K., Kikuchi, T., Yoshiyama, N., Shibata, Y., Takahashi, M., Takenaka, M., et al. (2011). Development of community disaster prevention SNS based on the relationship of mutual trust of local inhabitants. The Special Interest Group Technical Reports of Information Processing Society of Japan, CSEC, “Computer Security”, 2011-CSEC-52(16), 1-6.
Local Research Committee, Science Council of Japan. (2008). Recommendations: Towards the accumulation and utilization of “local knowledge”. Tokyo.
Mansouriana, A., Rajabifardb, A., Valadan Zoej, M. J., & Williamsonb, I. (2006). Using SDI and web-based system to facilitate disaster management. Computers and Geosciences, 32(3), 303–315.
Matsuda, Y., Itotani, T., & Okada, N. (2005). Study on method for improving capacity of regions to cope with disasters by using regional diagnostic questionnaires. Proceedings of the Annual Conference of the Japan Society of Civil Engineers, 60(4), 3–4.
Miao, Q., Arima, M., & Kawamukai, H. (2005). How to use JMP in revealing issue structure from a questionnaire survey in a local community. Proceedings of the SAS Forum Users Group Academic Session, 2005, 425–436.
Murakami, M., Shibayama, A., Hisada, Y., Ichii, T., Zama, S., Endo, M., et al. (2009). Development of web GIS-based support system for collecting and sharing information by collaboration between local government and residents. Journal of Japan Association for Earth Engineering, 9(2), 200–220.
Murakoshi, T., & Yamamoto, K. (2014). Study on a social media GIS to support the utilization of disaster information: For disaster reduction measures from normal times to disaster outbreak times. Socio-Informatics, 3(2), 17–31.
Nagasaka, T., Tsubokawa, H., Sunaga, Y., Usuda, Y., Taguchi, H., Okada, S., et al. (2009). Risk communication in a process of making plans for disaster response training: In case of Yamakoshi area of Nagaoka City. Proceedings of the Annual Conference of the Society for Risk Analysis Japan, 22, 28–29.
Neuvel, J. M. M., Scholten, H. J., & van den Brink, A. (2012). From spatial data to synchronized actions: The network-centric organization of spatial decision support for risk and emergency management. Applied Spatial Analysis and Policy, 5, 51–72.
Okano, S., Yasui, S., Okazawa, K., Ebara, H., & Okada, H. (2009). A hybrid distribution method of local disaster information for community networks. IEICE Technical Report, IN, Information Network, 108(458), 499–504.
Okuma, T., & Yamamoto, K. (2013). Study on a social media GIS to accumulate urban disaster information: Accumulation of disaster information during normal times for disaster reduction measures. Socio-Informatics, 2(2), 49–65.
Sato, T., Motosaka, M., & Nakamura, K. (2004). An educational trial of earthquake disaster prevention for school children by making regional map. Proceedings of AIJ Tohoku Chapter Architectural Research Meeting, 67, 183–186.
Siebel, R. (2006). Public participation geographic information systems: A literature review and framework. Annals of the Association of American Geographers, 96(3), 491–507.
Takatani, T., Iwaki, T., & Yoshinori, K. (2008). City planning based on a regional disaster prevention supporting system. Bulletin of Maizuru National College of Technology, 43, 34–50.
Vivacqua, A. S., & Borges, M. R. S. (2012). Taking advantage of collective knowledge in emergency response systems. Journal of Network and Computer Applications, 35(1), 189–198.
Wasaki, H. (2012). Disaster and regional SNS: The connection effect for rescue/recovery that came to light through the Sayou Town torrential rain disaster. Bulletin of the National Museum of Ethnology, 106, 127–146.
Yamada, S., & Yamamoto, K. (2013). Development of social media GIS for information exchange between regions. International Journal of Advanced Computer Science and Applications, 4(8), 62–73.
Yamamori, K. (2010). An implementation of the bulletin board for disaster. Bulletin of Faculty of Education Mie University, 61, 13–19.
Yamamoto, M., Ogasawara, H., Suzuki, I., & Furukawa, M. (2012). Information propagation network for 2012 Tohoku Earthquake and tsunami on Twitter. Information Processing Society of Japan Magazine, 53(11), 1184–1191.
Yanagisawa, T., & Yamamoto, K. (2012). Study on information sharing GIS to accumulate local knowledge in local communities. Theory and Applications of GIS, 20(1), 61–70.
Yoshimura, N., & Inoue, T. (2012). The use of Twitter around governmental accounts in and after the Great East Japan Earthquake. The Special Interest Group Technical Reports of Information Processing Society of Japan, GN, “Groupware and Network Service”, 2012-GN-83(5), pp. 1–8.
Acknowledgments
In the operation of the social media GIS and the online questionnaire survey of the present study, enormous cooperation was received from those in the Tama region of Tokyo metropolis and the neighboring area in Japan. I would like to take this opportunity to gratefully acknowledge them.
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding author
Editor information
Editors and Affiliations
Rights and permissions
Copyright information
© 2015 Springer International Publishing Switzerland
About this chapter
Cite this chapter
Yamamoto, K. (2015). Development and Operation of Social Media GIS for Disaster Risk Management in Japan. In: Geertman, S., Ferreira, Jr., J., Goodspeed, R., Stillwell, J. (eds) Planning Support Systems and Smart Cities. Lecture Notes in Geoinformation and Cartography. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-18368-8_2
Download citation
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-18368-8_2
Published:
Publisher Name: Springer, Cham
Print ISBN: 978-3-319-18367-1
Online ISBN: 978-3-319-18368-8
eBook Packages: Earth and Environmental ScienceEarth and Environmental Science (R0)