Abstract
A new method for interfacing numerical and integral techniques allows greater flexibility in seismic modeling. Specifically, numerical calculations in laterally varying structure are interfaced with analytic methods that enable propagation to great distances. Such modeling is important for studying situations containing localized complex regions not easily handled by analytic means. The calculations involved are entirely two-dimensional, but the use of an appropriate source in combination with a filter applied to the resulting seismograms produces synthetic seismograms which are point-source responses in three dimensions. The integral technique is called two-dimensional Kirchhoff because its form is similar to the classical three-dimensional Kirchhoff. Data from Yucca Flat at the Nevada Test Site are modeled as a demonstration of the usefulness of the new method. In this application, both local and teleseismic records are modeled simultaneously from the same model with the same finite-difference run. This application indicates the importance of locally scattered Rayleigh waves in the production of teleseismic body-wave complexity and coda.
Access this chapter
Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout
Purchases are for personal use only
Preview
Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.
Similar content being viewed by others
References
Baker, B. B. and Copson, E. T., The Mathematical Theory of Huygens’ Principle (Oxford University Press, London 1950) pp. 36–53.
Eckren, E. B. (1968), Geologic setting of Nevada Test Site and Nellis Air Force Range, In Nevada Test Site, GSA Memoir 110, (ed. Eckel, E. B.) (GSA, Boulder, CO) pp. 21–33.
Frazer, L. N. and Sen, M. K. (1985), Kirchhoff Helmholtz reflection seismograms in a laterally inhomogeneous multi-Layered elastic medium—I. Theory, Geophy. J. Roy. Astron. Soc. 80, 121–147.
Hart, R. S., Hadley, D. M., Mellman, G. R., and Butler, R. (1979), Seismic amplitude waveform research, Final Technical Report SGI-R-79–012 (Sierra Geophysics).
Hartzell, S. and Heaton, T. (1983), Inversion of strong ground motion and teleseismic waveform data for the fault rupture history of the 1979 Imperial Valley, California earthquake, Bull. Seism. Soc. Am. 73, 1553–1583.
Hays, W. W. and Murphy, T. R. (1970), The effect of Yucca Fault on seismic wave propagation, Report NVO-1163-TM-19 (Environmental Research Corporation, Las Vegas).
Helmberger, D. V. (1983), Theory and application of synthetic seismograms, In Earthquakes: Observation, Theory and Interpretation, Proc. Int. Sch. Phys. “Enrico Fermi, ” Course LXXX V, (eds. Kanamori, H. and Boschi, E.) (North-Holland Publ., Amsterdam) pp. 174–221.
Helmberger, D. V. and Hadley, D. M. (1981), Seismic source functions and attenuation from local and teleseismic observations of the NTS events JORUM and HANDLEY, Bull. Seism. Soc. Am. 71, 51–67.
Hilterman, F. J. (1975), Amplitudes of seismic waves—a quick look, Geophysics 40, 745–762.
Houser, F. N. (1968), Application of geology to underground nuclear testing, Nevada Test Site, In Nevada Test Site, GSA Memoir 110, (ed. Eckel, E. B.) (GSA, Boulder, CO) pp. 11–19.
Hudson, J. A. (1963), SH waves in a wedge-shaped medium, Geophys. J. Roy. Astron. Soc. 7, 517–546.
Keho, T. H. and Wu, R. S. (1987), Elastic Kirchhoff migration for vertical seismic profiles, Society of Exploration Geophysics, Extended abstract with biographies, pp. 774–776.
Lay, T (1987a), Analysis of near-source contributions to early P-wave coda for underground explosions: 2. Frequency dependence, Bull. Seism. Soc. Am. 77, 1252–1273.
Lay, T. (1987b), Analysis of near-source contributions to early P-wave coda for underground explosions: 3. Inversion for isotropic scatterers, Bull. Seism. Soc. Am. 77, 1767–1783.
Lay, T., Wallace, T. C., and Helmberger, D. V. (1984), Effect of tectonic release on short period P waves from NTS explosions, Bull. Seism. Soc. Am. 74, 819–842.
Lynnes, C. S. and Lay, T. (1988), Observations of teleseismic P-wave coda for underground explosions, PAGEOPH, this issue.
Mow, C. C. and Pao, Y. H. (1971), The Diffraction of Elastic Waves and Dynamic Stress Concentrations (Report R-482-PR for United States Air Force Project Rand, Santa Monica, CA) pp. 140–171.
Scott, P. and Helmberger, D. (1983), Applications of the Kirchhoff-Helmholtz integral to problems in seismology, Geophys. J. Roy. Astron. Soc. 72, 237–254.
Taylor, R. T. (1983), Three-dimensional crust and upper mantle structure at the Nevada Test Site, J. Geophys. Res. 88, 2220–2232.
Vidale, J. E. (1986), Application of two-dimensional finite-differencing methods to simulation of earthquakes, earth structure, and seismic hazard (Thesis, Calif. Institute of Tech., Pasadena).
Vidale, J. E. and Helmberger, D. V. (1987a), Path effects in strong motion seismology, chapter 6 In Methods of Computational Physics (ed. Bolt, B.) (Academic Press, New York) pp. 267–319.
Vidale, J. E. and Helmberger, D. V. (1987b), Elastic finite-difference modeling of the 1971 San Fernando, Ca. earthquake, Bull. Seism. Soc. Am. 78, 122–141;.
Vidale, J. E., Helmberger, D. V., and CLayton, R. W. (1985), Finite-difference seismograms for SH waves, Bull. Seism. Soc. Am. 75, 1765–1782.
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Editor information
Editors and Affiliations
Rights and permissions
Copyright information
© 1988 Springer Basel AG
About this chapter
Cite this chapter
Stead, R.J., Helmberger, D.V. (1988). Numerical-analytical Interfacing in Two Dimensions with Applications to Modeling NTS Seismograms. In: Aki, K., Wu, RS. (eds) Scattering and Attenuations of Seismic Waves, Part I. Pageoph Topical Volumes. Birkhäuser, Basel. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-0348-7722-0_10
Download citation
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-0348-7722-0_10
Publisher Name: Birkhäuser, Basel
Print ISBN: 978-3-7643-2254-0
Online ISBN: 978-3-0348-7722-0
eBook Packages: Springer Book Archive