SpringerLink
Log in

Transarterial Radioembolization

  • Chapter
  • First Online:
IR Playbook

  • 236 Accesses

Abstract

Transarterial radioembolization (TARE) refers to the delivery of radioactive microspheres directly into an artery that perfuses a tumor or tumor-bearing tissue. In current clinical practice, radioembolization is employed almost exclusively for liver tumors, which include primary liver tumors such as hepatocellular carcinoma and metastatic tumors to the liver. The radioactive microspheres become lodged within and around the tumor, resulting in tumor cell death through the effects of radiation. TARE is an outpatient procedure that provides favorable and often dramatic clinical outcomes across the spectrum of hepatic tumors. The procedure is well tolerated with few side effects.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this chapter

Log in via an institution

Subscribe and save

Springer+ Basic
EUR 32.99 /Month
  • Get 10 units per month
  • Download Article/Chapter or Ebook
  • 1 Unit = 1 Article or 1 Chapter
  • Cancel anytime
Subscribe now

Buy Now

Chapter
USD 29.95
Price excludes VAT (Brazil)
  • Available as PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
eBook
USD 139.00
Price excludes VAT (Brazil)
  • Available as EPUB and PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
Hardcover Book
USD 179.99
Price excludes VAT (Brazil)
  • Durable hardcover edition
  • Dispatched in 3 to 5 business days
  • Free ship** worldwide - see info

Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout

Purchases are for personal use only

Institutional subscriptions

References

  1. El-Serag HB, Kanwal F. Epidemiology of hepatocellular carcinoma in the United States: where are we? Where do we go? Hepatology. 2014;60(5):1767–75.

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  2. Chapman RW. Risk factors for biliary tract carcinogenesis. Ann Oncol. 1999;10(Suppl 4):308–11.

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  3. Rietschel P, Panageas KS, Hanlon C, Patel A, Abramson DH, Chapman PB. Variates of survival in metastatic uveal melanoma. J Clin Oncol. 2005;23(31):8076–80.

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  4. Riihimaki M, Hemminki A, Sundquist K, Sundquist J, Hemminki K. The epidemiology of metastases in neuroendocrine tumors. Int J Cancer. 2016;139(12):2679–86.

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  5. Siegel RL, Miller KD, Jemal A. Cancer statistics, 2017. CA Cancer J Clin. 2017;67(1):7–30.

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  6. Kulik LM, Carr BI, Mulcahy MF, Lewandowski RJ, Atassi B, Ryu RK, et al. Safety and efficacy of 90Y radiotherapy for hepatocellular carcinoma with and without portal vein thrombosis. Hepatology. 2008;47(1):71–81.

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  7. Inarrairaegui M, Thurston KG, Bilbao JI, D’Avola D, Rodriguez M, Arbizu J, et al. Radioembolization with use of yttrium-90 resin microspheres in patients with hepatocellular carcinoma and portal vein thrombosis. J Vasc Interv Radiol. 2010;21(8):1205–12.

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  8. Bruix J, Sherman M, Llovet JM, Beaugrand M, Lencioni R, Burroughs AK, et al. Clinical management of hepatocellular carcinoma. Conclusions of the Barcelona-2000 EASL conference. European Association for the Study of the liver. J Hepatol. 2001;35(3):421–30.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  9. European Association for the Study of the Liver1, European Organisation for Research and Treatment of Cancer. EASL-EORTC clinical practice guidelines: management of hepatocellular carcinoma. J Hepatol. 2012;56(4):908–43.

    Google Scholar 

  10. Reig M, Forner A, Rimola J, Ferrer-Fàbrega J, Burrel M, Garcia-Criado Á, et al. BCLC strategy for prognosis prediction and treatment recommendation: the 2022 update. J Hepatol. 2022;76(3):681–93.

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  11. NCCN clinical practice guidelines in oncology: hepatobiliary cancers. 2017. https://www.nccn.org/professionals/physician_gls/pdf/hepatobiliary.pdf.

  12. NCCN clinical practice guidelines in oncology: colon cancer. 2017. https://www.nccn.org/professionals/physician_gls/pdf/colon.pdf.

  13. Gyves JW, Ziessman HA, Ensminger WD, Thrall JH, Niederhuber JE, Keyes JW Jr, et al. Definition of hepatic tumor microcirculation by single photon emission computerized tomography (SPECT). J Nucl Med. 1984;25(9):972–7.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  14. Bierman HR, Byron RL Jr, Kelley KH, Grady A. Studies on the blood supply of tumors in man. III. Vascular patterns of the liver by hepatic arteriography in vivo. J Natl Cancer Inst. 1951;12(1):107–31.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  15. Kennedy AS, Nutting C, Coldwell D, Gaiser J, Drachenberg C. Pathologic response and microdosimetry of (90)Y microspheres in man: review of four explanted whole livers. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys. 2004;60(5):1552–63.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  16. Emami B, Lyman J, Brown A, Coia L, Goitein M, Munzenrider JE, et al. Tolerance of normal tissue to therapeutic irradiation. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys. 1991;21(1):109–22.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  17. Ingold JA, Reed GB, Kaplan HS, Bagshaw MA. Radiation hepatitis. Am J Roentgenol Radium Therapy, Nucl Med. 1965;93:200–8.

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  18. Lawrence TS, Robertson JM, Anscher MS, Jirtle RL, Ensminger WD, Fajardo LF. Hepatic toxicity resulting from cancer treatment. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys. 1995;31(5):1237–48.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  19. Salem R, Lewandowski RJ, Mulcahy MF, Riaz A, Ryu RK, Ibrahim S, et al. Radioembolization for hepatocellular carcinoma using Yttrium-90 microspheres: a comprehensive report of long-term outcomes. Gastroenterology. 2010;138(1):52–64.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  20. Hilgard P, Hamami M, Fouly AE, Scherag A, Muller S, Ertle J, et al. Radioembolization with yttrium-90 glass microspheres in hepatocellular carcinoma: European experience on safety and long-term survival. Hepatology. 2010;52(5):1741–9.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  21. Sangro B, Carpanese L, Cianni R, Golfieri R, Gasparini D, Ezziddin S, et al. Survival after yttrium-90 resin microsphere radioembolization of hepatocellular carcinoma across Barcelona clinic liver cancer stages: a European evaluation. Hepatology. 2011;54(3):868–78.

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  22. Mazzaferro V, Sposito C, Bhoori S, Romito R, Chiesa C, Morosi C, et al. Yttrium-90 radioembolization for intermediate-advanced hepatocellular carcinoma: a phase 2 study. Hepatology. 2013;57(5):1826–37.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  23. Garin E, Rolland Y, Pracht M, Le Sourd S, Laffont S, Mesbah H, et al. High impact of macroaggregated albumin-based tumour dose on response and overall survival in hepatocellular carcinoma patients treated with 90Y-loaded glass microsphere radioembolization. Liver Int. 2017;37(1):101–10.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  24. Garin E, Tselikas L, Guiu B, Chalaye J, Edeline J, de Baere T, et al. Personalised versus standard dosimetry approach of selective internal radiation therapy in patients with locally advanced hepatocellular carcinoma (DOSISPHERE-01): a randomised, multicentre, open-label phase 2 trial. Lancet Gastroenterol Hepatol. 2021;6(1):17–29.

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  25. Vouche M, Habib A, Ward TJ, Kim E, Kulik L, Ganger D, et al. Unresectable solitary hepatocellular carcinoma not amenable to radiofrequency ablation: multicenter radiology-pathology correlation and survival of radiation segmentectomy. Hepatology. 2014;60(1):192–201.

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  26. Rhee TK, Omary RA, Gates V, Mounajjed T, Larson AC, Barakat O, et al. The effect of catheter-directed CT angiography on yttrium-90 radioembolization treatment of hepatocellular carcinoma. J Vasc Interv Radiol. 2005;16(8):1085–91.

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  27. Riaz A, Gates VL, Atassi B, Lewandowski RJ, Mulcahy MF, Ryu RK, et al. Radiation segmentectomy: a novel approach to increase safety and efficacy of radioembolization. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys. 2011;79(1):163–71.

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  28. Gabr A, Ahsun Riaz E, Johnson G, Kim E, Siddharth Padia J, Lewandowski R, et al. Correlation of Y90-absorbed radiation dose to pathological necrosis in hepatocellular carcinoma: confirmatory multicenter analysis in 45 explants. Eur J Nucl Med Mol Imaging. 2020;48(2):580–3.

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  29. Lewandowski RJ, Gabr A, Abouchaleh N, Ali R, Al Asadi A, Mora RA, et al. Radiation Segmentectomy: potential curative therapy for early hepatocellular carcinoma. Radiology. 2018;287(3):1050–8.

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  30. Padia SA, Johnson GE, Horton KJ, Ingraham CR, Kogut MJ, Kwan S, et al. Segmental Yttrium-90 Radioembolization versus segmental chemoembolization for localized hepatocellular carcinoma: results of a single-center, retrospective, propensity score-matched study. J Vasc Interv Radiol. 2017;28(6):777–85 e1.

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  31. Biederman DM, Titano JJ, Korff RA, Fischman AM, Patel RS, Nowakowski FS, et al. Radiation Segmentectomy versus selective chemoembolization in the treatment of early-stage hepatocellular carcinoma. J Vasc Interv Radiol. 2018;29(1):30–7 e2.

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  32. Facciorusso A, Serviddio G, Muscatiello N. Transarterial radioembolization vs. chemoembolization for hepatocarcinoma patients: a systematic review and meta-analysis. World J Hepatol. 2016;8(18):770.

    PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

  33. Salem R, Johnson GE, Kim E, Riaz A, Bishay V, Boucher E, et al. Yttrium-90 Radioembolization for the treatment of solitary, Unresectable HCC: The LEGACY Study. Hepatology. 2021;74(5):2342–52.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  34. Salem R, Gordon AC, Mouli S, Hickey R, Kallini J, Gabr A, et al. Y90 Radioembolization significantly prolongs time to progression compared with chemoembolization in patients with hepatocellular carcinoma. Gastroenterology. 2016;151(6):1155–63 e2.

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  35. Salem R, Lewandowski RJ, Kulik L, Wang E, Riaz A, Ryu RK, et al. Radioembolization results in longer time-to-progression and reduced toxicity compared with chemoembolization in patients with hepatocellular carcinoma. Gastroenterology. 2011;140(2):497–507 e2.

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  36. Yi Y, Tongguo S. Yttrium-90 transarterial radioembolization versus conventional transarterial chemoembolization for patients with hepatocellular carcinoma: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Cancer Biol Med. 2018;15(3):299.

    Google Scholar 

  37. Gabr A, Kulik L, Mouli S, Riaz A, Ali R, Desai K, et al. Liver transplantation following Yttrium-90 Radioembolization: 15-year experience in 207-patient cohort. Hepatology. 2021;73(3):998–1010.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  38. Vouche M, Lewandowski RJ, Atassi R, Memon K, Gates VL, Ryu RK, et al. Radiation lobectomy: time-dependent analysis of future liver remnant volume in unresectable liver cancer as a bridge to resection. J Hepatol. 2013;59(5):1029–36.

    PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

  39. Lewandowski RJ, Donahue L, Chokechanachaisakul A, Kulik L, Mouli S, Caicedo J, et al. (90) Y radiation lobectomy: outcomes following surgical resection in patients with hepatic tumors and small future liver remnant volumes. J Surg Oncol. 2016;114(1):99–105.

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  40. Bekki Y, Marti J, Toshima T, Lewis S, Kamath A, Argiriadi P, et al. A comparative study of portal vein embolization versus radiation lobectomy with Yttrium-90 micropheres in preparation for liver resection for initially unresectable hepatocellular carcinoma. Surgery. 2021;169(5):1044–51.

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  41. Salem R, Mazzaferro V, Sangro B. Yttrium 90 radioembolization for the treatment of hepatocellular carcinoma: biological lessons, current challenges, and clinical perspectives. Hepatology. 2013;58(6):2188–97.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  42. Garin E, Rolland Y, Edeline J, Icard N, Lenoir L, Laffont S, et al. Personalized dosimetry with intensification using 90Y-loaded glass microsphere radioembolization induces prolonged overall survival in hepatocellular carcinoma patients with portal vein thrombosis. J Nucl Med. 2015;56(3):339–46.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  43. Vilgrain V, Pereira H, Assenat E, Guiu B, Ilonca AD, Pageaux GP, et al. Efficacy and safety of selective internal radiotherapy with yttrium-90 resin microspheres compared with sorafenib in locally advanced and inoperable hepatocellular carcinoma (SARAH): an open-label randomised controlled phase 3 trial. Lancet Oncol. 2017;18(12):1624–36.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  44. Chow PKH, Gandhi M, Tan S-B, Khin MW, Khasbazar A, Ong J, et al. SIRveNIB: selective internal radiation therapy versus Sorafenib in Asia-Pacific patients with hepatocellular carcinoma. J Clin Oncol. 2018;36(19):1913–21.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  45. Ricke J, Klümpen HJ, Amthauer H, Bargellini I, Bartenstein P, De Toni EN, et al. Impact of combined selective internal radiation therapy and sorafenib on survival in advanced hepatocellular carcinoma. J Hepatol. 2019;71(6):1164–74.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  46. Venerito M, Pech M, Canbay A, Donghia R, Guerra V, Chatellier G, et al. NEMESIS: noninferiority, individual-patient Metaanalysis of selective internal radiation therapy with 90Y resin microspheres versus Sorafenib in advanced hepatocellular carcinoma. J Nucl Med. 2020;61(12):1736–42.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  47. Hermann AL, Dieudonne A, Ronot M, Sanchez M, Pereira H, Chatellier G, et al. Relationship of tumor radiation-absorbed dose to survival and response in hepatocellular carcinoma treated with Transarterial Radioembolization with (90)Y in the SARAH study. Radiology. 2020;296(3):673–84.

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  48. Chauhan N, Bukovcan J, Boucher E, Cosgrove D, Edeline J, Hamilton B, et al. Intra-arterial TheraSphere Yttrium-90 glass microspheres in the treatment of patients with Unresectable hepatocellular carcinoma: protocol for the STOP-HCC phase 3 randomized controlled trial. JMIR Res Protoc. 2018;7(8):e11234.

    PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

  49. He AR. Study of Atezolizumab and bevacizumab with Y-90 TARE in patients with Unresectable hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). 2020.

    Google Scholar 

  50. Guiu B, Garin E, Allimant C, Edeline J, Salem R. TARE in hepatocellular carcinoma: from the right to the left of BCLC. Cardiovasc Intervent Radiol. 2022;45(11):1599–607.

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  51. Al-Adra DP, Gill RS, Axford SJ, Shi X, Kneteman N, Liau SS. Treatment of unresectable intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma with yttrium-90 radioembolization: a systematic review and pooled analysis. Eur J Surg Oncol. 2015;41(1):120–7.

    CAS  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

  52. Edeline J, Touchefeu Y, Guiu B, Farge O, Tougeron D, Baumgaertner I, et al. Radioembolization plus chemotherapy for first-line treatment of locally advanced intrahepatic Cholangiocarcinoma. JAMA Oncol. 2020;6(1):51.

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  53. Cucchetti A, Cappelli A, Mosconi C, Zhong JH, Cescon M, Pinna AD, et al. Improving patient selection for selective internal radiation therapy of intra-hepatic cholangiocarcinoma: a meta-regression study. Liver Int. 2017;37(7):1056–64.

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  54. van Hazel GA, Heinemann V, Sharma NK, Findlay MP, Ricke J, Peeters M, et al. SIRFLOX: randomized phase III trial comparing first-line mFOLFOX6 (plus or minus bevacizumab) versus mFOLFOX6 (plus or minus bevacizumab) plus selective internal radiation therapy in patients with metastatic colorectal cancer. J Clin Oncol. 2016;34(15):1723–31.

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  55. Gray B, Van Hazel G, Hope M, Burton M, Moroz P, Anderson J, et al. Randomised trial of SIR-spheres plus chemotherapy vs. chemotherapy alone for treating patients with liver metastases from primary large bowel cancer. Ann Oncol. 2001;12(12):1711–20.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  56. Van Hazel G, Blackwell A, Anderson J, Price D, Moroz P, Bower G, et al. Randomised phase 2 trial of SIR-spheres plus fluorouracil/leucovorin chemotherapy versus fluorouracil/leucovorin chemotherapy alone in advanced colorectal cancer. J Surg Oncol. 2004;88(2):78–85.

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  57. Hendlisz A, Van den Eynde M, Peeters M, Maleux G, Lambert B, Vannoote J, et al. Phase III trial comparing protracted intravenous fluorouracil infusion alone or with yttrium-90 resin microspheres radioembolization for liver-limited metastatic colorectal cancer refractory to standard chemotherapy. J Clin Oncol. 2010;28(23):3687–94.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  58. Wasan HS, Gibbs P, Sharma NK, Taieb J, Heinemann V, Ricke J, et al. First-line selective internal radiotherapy plus chemotherapy versus chemotherapy alone in patients with liver metastases from colorectal cancer (FOXFIRE, SIRFLOX, and FOXFIRE-global): a combined analysis of three multicentre, randomised, phase 3 trials. Lancet Oncol. 2017;18(9):1159–71.

    CAS  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

  59. Mulcahy MF, Mahvash A, Pracht M, Montazeri AH, Bandula S, Martin RCG, et al. Radioembolization with chemotherapy for colorectal liver metastases: a randomized, open-label, international, multicenter, phase III trial. J Clin Oncol. 2021;39(35):3897–907.

    CAS  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

  60. Salem R, Mulcahy MF. Radioembolization with chemotherapy for liver-dominant colorectal cancer: time to subsequent treatment and quality of life in the EPOCH trial. J Clin Oncol. 2022;40(4_suppl):114.

    Google Scholar 

  61. Saxena A, Meteling B, Kapoor J, Golani S, Morris DL, Bester L. Is yttrium-90 radioembolization a viable treatment option for unresectable, chemorefractory colorectal cancer liver metastases? A large single-center experience of 302 patients. Ann Surg Oncol. 2015;22(3):794–802.

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  62. Kennedy AS, Coldwell D, Nutting C, Murthy R, Wertman DE, Loehr SP, et al. Resin 90Y-microsphere brachytherapy for unresectable colorectal liver metastases: modern USA experience. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys. 2006;65(2):412–25.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  63. Kennedy AS, Ball D, Cohen SJ, Cohn M, Coldwell DM, Drooz A, et al. Multicenter evaluation of the safety and efficacy of radioembolization in patients with unresectable colorectal liver metastases selected as candidates for (90)Y resin microspheres. J Gastrointest Oncol. 2015;6(2):134–42.

    PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

  64. Hickey R, Lewandowski RJ, Prudhomme T, Ehrenwald E, Baigorri B, Critchfield J, et al. Y90 radioembolization of colorectal hepatic metastases using glass microspheres: safety and survival outcomes from a 531-patient multicenter study. J Nucl Med. 2015;57(5):665–71.

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  65. Rhee TK, Lewandowski RJ, Liu DM, Mulcahy MF, Takahashi G, Hansen PD, et al. 90Y radioembolization for metastatic neuroendocrine liver tumors: preliminary results from a multi-institutional experience. Ann Surg. 2008;247(6):1029–35.

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  66. Memon K, Lewandowski RJ, Mulcahy MF, Riaz A, Ryu RK, Sato KT, et al. Radioembolization for neuroendocrine liver metastases: safety, imaging, and long-term outcomes. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys. 2012;83(3):887–94.

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  67. Gordon AC, Gradishar WJ, Kaklamani VG, Thuluvath AJ, Ryu RK, Sato KT, et al. Yttrium-90 radioembolization stops progression of targeted breast cancer liver metastases after failed chemotherapy. J Vasc Interv Radiol. 2014;25(10):1523–32; 32 e1–2.

    PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

  68. Gonsalves CF, Eschelman DJ, Sullivan KL, Anne PR, Doyle L, Sato T. Radioembolization as salvage therapy for hepatic metastasis of uveal melanoma: a single-institution experience. AJR Am J Roentgenol. 2011;196(2):468–73.

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  69. Klingenstein A, Haug AR, Zech CJ, Schaller UC. Radioembolization as locoregional therapy of hepatic metastases in uveal melanoma patients. Cardiovasc Interv Radiol. 2013;36(1):158–65.

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  70. Lewandowski RJ, Sato KT, Atassi B, Ryu RK, Nemcek AA Jr, Kulik L, et al. Radioembolization with 90Y microspheres: angiographic and technical considerations. Cardiovasc Interv Radiol. 2007;30(4):571–92.

    Google Scholar 

  71. Hamoui N, Minocha J, Memon K, Sato K, Ryu R, Salem R, et al. Prophylactic embolization of the gastroduodenal and right gastric arteries is not routinely necessary before radioembolization with glass microspheres. J Vasc Interv Radiol. 2013;24(11):1743–5.

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  72. Lam M, Banerjee S, Louie JD, Abdelmaksoud MHK, Iagaru AH, Ennen RE, et al. Root cause analysis of gastroduodenal ulceration after yttrium-90 radioembolization. Cardiovasc Intervent Radiol. 2013;36(6):1536–47.

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  73. Song SY, Chung JW, Lim HG, Park JH. Nonhepatic arteries originating from the hepatic arteries: angiographic analysis in 250 patients. J Vasc Interv Radiol. 2006;17(3):461–9.

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  74. Ho S, Lau WY, Leung TW, Chan M, Johnson PJ, Li AK. Clinical evaluation of the partition model for estimating radiation doses from yttrium-90 microspheres in the treatment of hepatic cancer. Eur J Nucl Med. 1997;24(3):293–8.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  75. Gabr A, Ranganathan S, Mouli SK, Riaz A, Gates VL, Kulik L, et al. Streamlining radioembolization in UNOS T1/T2 hepatocellular carcinoma by eliminating lung shunt estimation. J Hepatol. 2020;72(6):1151–8.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  76. Atassi B, Bangash AK, Lewandowski RJ, Ibrahim S, Kulik L, Mulcahy MF, et al. Biliary sequelae following radioembolization with Yttrium-90 microspheres. J Vasc Interv Radiol. 2008;19(5):691–7.

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  77. Sangro B, Gil-Alzugaray B, Rodriguez J, Sola I, Martinez-Cuesta A, Viudez A, et al. Liver disease induced by radioembolization of liver tumors: description and possible risk factors. Cancer. 2008;112(7):1538–46.

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  78. Gil-Alzugaray B, Chopitea A, Inarrairaegui M, Bilbao JI, Rodriguez-Fraile M, Rodriguez J, et al. Prognostic factors and prevention of radioembolization-induced liver disease. Hepatology. 2013;57(3):1078–87.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Download references

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Division of Vascular and Interventional Radiology, Department of Radiology, New York University Grossman School of Medicine, New York, NY, USA

    Clayton Li & Ryan Hickey

  2. Division of Vascular and Interventional Radiology, Department of Radiology, Northwestern University, Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL, USA

    Robert J. Lewandowski & Riad Salem

Authors
  1. Clayton Li
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  2. Ryan Hickey
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  3. Robert J. Lewandowski
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  4. Riad Salem
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

Corresponding authors

Correspondence to Clayton Li , Ryan Hickey or Robert J. Lewandowski .

Editor information

Editors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Radiology, University of North Carolina at Chapel H, Chapel Hill, NC, USA

    Nicole A. Keefe

  2. Department of Radiology and Medical Imag, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA, USA

    Ziv J.J Haskal

  3. Department of Radiology, The University of Texas Southwestern Med, Dallas, TX, USA

    Auh Whan Park

  4. Department of Radiology and Medical Imag, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA, USA

    John F. Angle

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

Copyright information

© 2024 The Author(s), under exclusive license to Springer Nature Switzerland AG

About this chapter

Check for updates. Verify currency and authenticity via CrossMark

Cite this chapter

Li, C., Hickey, R., Lewandowski, R.J., Salem, R. (2024). Transarterial Radioembolization. In: Keefe, N.A., Haskal, Z.J., Park, A.W., Angle, J.F. (eds) IR Playbook. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-52546-9_39

Download citation

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-52546-9_39

  • Published:

  • Publisher Name: Springer, Cham

  • Print ISBN: 978-3-031-52545-2

  • Online ISBN: 978-3-031-52546-9

  • eBook Packages: MedicineMedicine (R0)

Publish with us

Policies and ethics

Search

Navigation