Intelligent Control of a Semi-autonomous Assistive Vehicle

  • Conference paper
  • First Online:
Intelligent Systems and Applications (IntelliSys 2021)

Part of the book series: Lecture Notes in Networks and Systems ((LNNS,volume 294))

Included in the following conference series:

Abstract

A control system for a powered wheelchair is described. The wheelchair is equipped with sensors to help a disabled user to steer their wheelchair. An innovative intelligent control schemes is presented. A model reference controller for veer regulation that can deal with variable operating conditions is presented. It is based on compensating the non-linear terms using an automatic adaptive scheme. The method specifically focuses on the design of a reliable veer controller capable of mitigating for uncertainties such as slopes, bumps, hills, differences in wheels and tires and changes to surfaces (for example one side more uneven than the other). The controller has been designed with a quasi-linear closed-loop behavior so that outer control loops can be added later such as path-following. A single powered wheelchair assistive agent was created to allow for future cooperation between wheelchair systems by sharing information. The work foresees the potential employment of semi-autonomous assistive agents within cooperative wheelchair systems.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this chapter

Subscribe and save

Springer+ Basic
EUR 32.99 /Month
  • Get 10 units per month
  • Download Article/Chapter or Ebook
  • 1 Unit = 1 Article or 1 Chapter
  • Cancel anytime
Subscribe now

Buy Now

Chapter
EUR 29.95
Price includes VAT (Germany)
  • Available as PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
eBook
EUR 245.03
Price includes VAT (Germany)
  • Available as EPUB and PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
Softcover Book
EUR 320.99
Price includes VAT (Germany)
  • Compact, lightweight edition
  • Dispatched in 3 to 5 business days
  • Free ship** worldwide - see info

Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout

Purchases are for personal use only

Institutional subscriptions

Similar content being viewed by others

References

  1. Sanders, D.A., Langner, M., Tewkesbury, G.E.: Improving wheelchair-driving using a sensor system to control wheelchair-veer and variable-switches as an alternative to digital-switches or joysticks. Ind. Robot Int. J. 32(2), 157–167 (2010)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  2. Sanders, D.A.: Using self-reliance factors to decide how to share control between human powered wheelchair drivers and ultrasonic sensors. IEEE Trans. Neural Syst. Rehabil. Eng. 25(8), 1221–1229 (2016)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  3. Sanders, D.A., Bausch, N.: Improving steering of a powered wheelchair using an expert system to interpret hand tremor. In: Liu, H., Kubota, N., Zhu, X., Dillmann, R., Zhou, D. (eds.) ICIRA 2015. LNCS (LNAI), vol. 9245, pp. 460–471. Springer, Cham (2015). https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-22876-1_39

    Chapter  Google Scholar 

  4. Sanders, D.A.: Non-model-based control of a wheeled vehicle pulling two trailers to provide early powered mobility and driving experiences. IEEE Trans. Neural Syst. Rehabil. Eng. 26(1), 96–104 (2018)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  5. Sanders, D.A., Gegov, A., Haddad, M., Ikwan, F., Wiltshire, D., Tan, Y.C.: A rule-based expert system to decide on direction and speed of a powered wheelchair. In: Arai, K., Kapoor, S., Bhatia, R. (eds.) IntelliSys 2018. AISC, vol. 868, pp. 822–838. Springer, Cham (2019). https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-01054-6_57

    Chapter  Google Scholar 

  6. Sanders, D.A., Haddad, M., Tewkesbury, G.E., Thabet, M., Omoarebun, P., Barker, T.: Simple expert system for intelligent control and HCI for a wheelchair fitted with ultrasonic sensors. In: 2020 IEEE 10th International Conference on Intelligent Systems (IS), pp. 211–216. IEEE, August 2020

    Google Scholar 

  7. Sanders, D.A., Gegov, A., Haddad, M., Ikwan, F., Wiltshire, D., Tan, Y.C.: A rule-based expert system to decide on direction and speed of a powered wheelchair. In: Arai, K., Kapoor, S., Bhatia, R. (eds.) IntelliSys 2018. AISC, vol. 868, pp. 822–838. Springer, Cham (2018). https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-01054-6_57

    Chapter  Google Scholar 

  8. Haddad, M., et al.: Intelligent control of the steering for a powered wheelchair using a microcomputer. In: Arai, K., Kapoor, S., Bhatia, R. (eds.) IntelliSys 2020. AISC, vol. 1252, pp. 594–603. Springer, Cham (2020). https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-55190-2_44

    Chapter  Google Scholar 

  9. Haddad, M., et al.: Use of the analytical hierarchy process to determine the steering direction for a powered wheelchair. In: Arai, K., Kapoor, S., Bhatia, R. (eds.) IntelliSys 2020. AISC, vol. 1252, pp. 617–630. Springer, Cham (2021). https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-55190-2_46

    Chapter  Google Scholar 

  10. Haddad, M.J., Sanders, D.A.: Selecting a best compromise direction for a powered wheelchair using PROMETHEE. IEEE Trans. Neural Syst. Rehabil. Eng. 27(2), 228–235 (2019)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  11. Haddad, M., Sanders, D., Ikwan, F., Thabet, M., Langner, M., Gegov, A.: Intelligent HMI and control for steering a powered wheelchair using a Raspberry Pi microcomputer. In: 2020 IEEE 10th International Conference on Intelligent Systems (IS), Bulgaria, pp. 223–228. IEEE (2020)

    Google Scholar 

  12. Sanders, D., Haddad, M., Tewkesbury, G., Bausch, N., Rogers, I., Huang, Y.: Analysis of reaction times and time-delays introduced into an intelligent HCI for a smart wheelchair. In: 2020 IEEE 10th International Conference on Intelligent Systems (IS), Bulgaria, pp. 217–222. IEEE (2020)

    Google Scholar 

  13. Sanders, D., et al.: Introducing time-delays to analyze driver reaction times when using a powered wheelchair. In: Arai, K., Kapoor, S., Bhatia, R. (eds.) IntelliSys 2020. AISC, vol. 1252, pp. 559–570. Springer, Cham (2021). https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-55190-2_41

    Chapter  Google Scholar 

  14. Haddad, M., et al.: Intelligent system to analyze data about powered wheelchair drivers. In: Arai, K., Kapoor, S., Bhatia, R. (eds.) IntelliSys 2020. AISC, vol. 1252, pp. 584–593. Springer, Cham (2021). https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-55190-2_43

    Chapter  Google Scholar 

  15. Haddad, M., Sanders, D., Langner, M., Omoarebun, P., Thabet, M., Gegov, A.: Initial results from using an intelligent system to analyse powered wheelchair users’ data. In: 2020 IEEE 10th International Conference on Intelligent Systems (IS), Bulgaria, pp. 241–245. IEEE (2020).

    Google Scholar 

  16. Haddad, M., et al.: Steering a powered wheelchair using a camera module and image processing algorithms. In: Arai, K., Kapoor, S., Bhatia, R. (eds.) Intelligent Systems and Applications. IntelliSys 2021. Advances in Intelligent Systems and Computing (2021). Accepted and in Press

    Google Scholar 

  17. Haddad, M., et al.: Steering a powered wheelchair using a camera module and image processing algorithms. In: 2021 32nd IEEE Intelligent Vehicles Symposium, Japan. IEEE (2021). Accepted and in Press

    Google Scholar 

  18. Haddad, M., et al.: Novel approach to steer a powered wheelchair using image processing algorithm and Raspberry Pi. In: 2021 32nd IEEE Intelligent Vehicles Symposium, Japan. IEEE (2021). Accepted and in Press

    Google Scholar 

  19. Haddad, M., et al.: A new system to drive a powered wheelchair using an image processing algorithm. In: 24th IEEE International Conference on Intelligent Transportation – ITSC 2021, USA. IEEE (2021). Accepted and in Press

    Google Scholar 

  20. Bibuli, M., et al.: Evolution of autonomous surface vehicles. In: 19th International Conference on Computer and IT Applications in the Maritime Industries, Pontignano, Hamburg, 17–19 August 2020, pp. 26–37 (2020). ISBN: 978-3-89220-717-7

    Google Scholar 

  21. Ioannou, P.A.: Robust Adaptive Control. Prentice-Hall (1995)

    Google Scholar 

  22. Bibuli, M., Bruzzone, G., Caccia, M., Lapierre, L.: Path following algorithms and experiments for an unmanned surface vehicle. J. Field Robot. 26(8), 669–688 (2009)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  23. Sanders, D., et al.: Model-based prediction for navigation assistance using a combination of sensors. In: 24th IEEE International Conference on Intelligent Transportation – ITSC 2021, USA. IEEE (2021). Accepted and in Press

    Google Scholar 

  24. Sanders, D., et al.: Route optimization using forecasting, wheelchair modelling and path planning. In: 24th IEEE International Conference on Intelligent Transportation – ITSC 2021, USA. IEEE (2021). Accepted and in Press

    Google Scholar 

  25. Sanders, D., et al.: Control of a semi-autonomous powered wheelchair. In: 2021 32nd IEEE Intelligent Vehicles Symposium, Japan. IEEE (2021). Accepted and in Press

    Google Scholar 

  26. Sanders, D., et al.: Voter based control for situation awareness and obstacle avoidance. In: 24th IEEE International Conference on Intelligent Transportation – ITSC 2021, USA. IEEE (2021). Accepted and in Press

    Google Scholar 

  27. Sanders, D., et al.: An assistance system for collision avoidance. In: 2021 32nd IEEE Intelligent Vehicles Symposium, Japan. IEEE (2021). Accepted and in Press

    Google Scholar 

  28. Sanders, D., et al.: The perception of semi-autonomous intelligent vehicles such as Smart Powered Wheelchairs. In: 2021 32nd IEEE Intelligent Vehicles Symposium, Japan. IEEE (2021). Accepted and in Press

    Google Scholar 

Download references

Acknowledgment

Research was supported by the EPSRC.

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

Authors

Corresponding author

Correspondence to David Sanders .

Editor information

Editors and Affiliations

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

Copyright information

© 2022 The Author(s), under exclusive license to Springer Nature Switzerland AG

About this paper

Check for updates. Verify currency and authenticity via CrossMark

Cite this paper

Sanders, D., Tewkesbury, G., Haddad, M., Huang, Y., Vatchova, B. (2022). Intelligent Control of a Semi-autonomous Assistive Vehicle. In: Arai, K. (eds) Intelligent Systems and Applications. IntelliSys 2021. Lecture Notes in Networks and Systems, vol 294. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-82193-7_40

Download citation

Publish with us

Policies and ethics

Navigation