Abstract
When a level-3 automated vehicle fails with an autonomous driving system or encounters an unmanageable traffic situation, the driver needs to control the vehicle to ensure driving safety. The transfer process is called the driving right transfer. This study uses the qualitative research of the Likert scale method. Through experiments and questionnaires, we learn the user preferences of reminder modes in the process of driving right transfer of level-3 automated vehicles. In this research, four different warning modes, including visual takeover warning, auditory takeover warning, tactile takeover warning and multi-mode takeover warning, were tested to conduct a user preference survey and research on the warning mode of driving right takeover of level-3 automated vehicles. Through research, we have concluded that visual- tactile takeover warning is the best warning method.
Access this chapter
Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout
Purchases are for personal use only
Similar content being viewed by others
References
SAE International in United States. Taxonomy and Definitions for Terms Related to Driving Automation Systems for On-Road Motor Vehicles [ OL] (2018). https://saemobilus.sae.org/content/J3016_201806/
Ma, S., Wei, Z., Shi, J.-L., Zhe, Y.: Human factors in conditional autopilot takeover based on cognitive mechanism. Adv. Psychol. Sci. 1–11 (2019). https://kns.cnki.net/kcms/detail/11.4766.R.20191120.1032.010.html
Meng, F., Spence, C.: Tactile warming signals for in-vehicle systems. Accid. Anal. Prevent. 75, 333–346 (2015)
Wege, C., Will, S., Victor, T.: Eye movement and brake reactions to real world brake-capacity forward collision warnings—a naturalistic driving study. Accid. Anal. Prevent. 58(3), 259–270 (2013)
Borojeni, S.S., Chuang, L., Heuten, W., Boll, S.: Assisting drivers with ambient take-over requests in highly automated driving. In: Green, P., Boll, S., Burnett, G., Gabbard, J., Osswald, S. (eds.) Proceedings of the 8th International Conference on Automotive User Interfaces and Interactive Vehicular Applications, pp. 237–244. Assoc Computing Machinery, New York (2016)
Bazilinskyy, P., Petermeijer, S.M., Petrovych, V., Dodou, D., de Winter, J.C.F.: Take-over requests in highly automated driving: a crowdsourcing survey on auditory, vibrotactile, and visual displays. Transp. Res. Part F: Traffic Psychol. Behav. 56, 82–98 (2018)
Langlois, S., Soualmi, B.: Augmented reality versus classical HUD to take over from automated driving: an aid to smooth reactions and to anticipate maneuvers. In Proceedings of the 2016 IEEE 19th International Conference on Intelligent Transportation Systems (ITSC), pp. 1571–1578. IEEE, New York (2016)
Lorenz, L., Kerschbaum, P., Schumann, J.: Designing take-over scenarios for automated driving: how does augmented reality support the driver to get back into the loop? In: Proceedings of the Human Factors and Ergonomics Society Annual Meeting, pp. 1681–1685. Human Factors and Ergonomics Society, Santa Monica, CA (2014)
Bazilinskyy, P., de Winter, J.C.F.: Auditory interfaces in automated driving: an international survey. Peer J. Comput. Sci. 1, e13 (2015)
Politis, I., Brewster, S., Pollick, F.: Language-based multimodal displays for the handover of control in autonomous cars. In: Proceedings of the 7th International Conference on Automotive User Interfaces and Interactive Vehicular Applications, pp. 3–10. ACM, New York (2015)
Beattie, D., Baillie, L., Halvey, M.: A comparison of artificial driving sounds for automated vehicles. In: Proceedings of the 2015 ACM International Joint Conference on Pervasive and Ubiquitous Computing, pp. 451–462. Association Computing Machinery, New York (2015)
Prewett, M.S., Elliott, L.R., Walvoord, A.G., Coovert, M.D.: A meta-analysis of vibrotactile and visual information displays for improving task performance. IEEE Trans. Syst. Man Cybern. Part C: Appl. and Rev. 42(1), 123–132 (2012)
Petermeijer, S.M., de Winter, J.C.F., Bengler, K.J.: Vibrotactile displays: a survey with a view on highly automated driving. IEEE Trans. Intell. Transp. Syst. 17(4), 897–907 (2016)
Petermeijer, S.M., Doubek, F., de Winter, J.C.F.: Driver response times to auditory, visual, and tactile take-over requests: a simulator study with 101 participants. In: Basu, A., Pedrycz, W., Zabuli, X. (eds.) Proceedings of the IEEE International Conference on Systems, Man, and Cybernetics (SMC), pp.1505–1510. IEEE, Banff, Canada (2017)
The SPSSAU project (2019). SPSSAU. (Version 20.0) [Online Application Software]. https://www.spssau.com.xe/[in=epidoc1.in]/?t2000=026564/(100)
Eisinga, R., Te Grotenhuis, M., Pelzer, B.: The reliability of a two-item scale: Pearson, Cronbach, or Spearman-Brown? Int. J. Publ. Health 58(4), 637–642 (2013)
Oja, H.: Descriptive statistics for multivariate distributions. Statist. Probabil. Lett. 1(6), 327–332 (1983)
Brown, I., Mues, C.: An experimental comparison of classification algorithms for imbalanced credit scoring data sets. Exp. Syst. Appl. 39(3), 3446–3453 (2012)
Rosner, B., Glynn, R.J., Ting, L.: Incorporation of clustering effects for the Wilcoxon rank sum test: a large-sample approach. Biometrics 59(4), 1089–1098 (2015)
Ziegel, E.R.: Correspondence analysis handbook. Technometrics 35(1), 103–103 (1993)
Qian, W.Y., Dang, Y.G., **ong, P.P., et al.: Topsis Based on Grey Correlation Method and Its Application, vol. 27, no. 8, pp. 23–25 (2009)
Zhang, Z.: Research on tactile warning of highly automatic driving taking over. Sci. Technol. Innov. Appl. 35, 59–60 (2018)
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Editor information
Editors and Affiliations
Rights and permissions
Copyright information
© 2021 Springer Nature Switzerland AG
About this paper
Cite this paper
Yan, Q., Wang, Y., Chen, J. (2021). The Study of the User Preferences of the Request Channel on Taking Over During Level-3 Automated Vehicles’ Driving Process. In: Rau, PL.P. (eds) Cross-Cultural Design. Applications in Cultural Heritage, Tourism, Autonomous Vehicles, and Intelligent Agents. HCII 2021. Lecture Notes in Computer Science(), vol 12773. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-77080-8_22
Download citation
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-77080-8_22
Published:
Publisher Name: Springer, Cham
Print ISBN: 978-3-030-77079-2
Online ISBN: 978-3-030-77080-8
eBook Packages: Computer ScienceComputer Science (R0)