Abstract
Diabetes mellitus affects approximately 5% of the general population with its prevalence varying between ethnic groups and geographic regions. The majority of cases are accounted for by two different types of diabetes, type 1 and 2, which account for approximately 10 and 90% of cases of diabetes, respectively. Although these two disorders share a common phenotype, fasting and postprandial hyperglycemia, their etiology is distinct. Type 1 diabetes is characterized by pancreatic β-cell deficiency with a resulting absolute deficiency of insulin. The β-cell deficiency is most commonly secondary to autoimmune-mediated destruction. Type 2 diabetes, in contrast, is characterized by a deficiency of insulin action as a result of a combination of insulin resistance and β-cell dysfunction that is manifest as inadequate insulin secretion in the face of insulin resistance and hyperglycemia.
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Lowe, W.L. (1998). Diabetes Mellitus. In: Jameson, J.L. (eds) Principles of Molecular Medicine. Humana Press, Totowa, NJ. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-59259-726-0_47
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-59259-726-0_47
Publisher Name: Humana Press, Totowa, NJ
Print ISBN: 978-1-4757-6272-3
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