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Genetics and the common cancers

  • Chapter
Genetic Predisposition to Cancer

Abstract

The importance of inherited predisposition is now established for a number of common cancers and the mechanisms by which mutations in some genes leads to cancer are at least partially understood. The ability to identify susceptibles among cancer patients and in the general population provides a basis for estimating the contribution of each such gene to overall cancer incidence. These powerful techniques will continue to dominate cancer research for many years, and not only in the field of genetic susceptibility. The same genes are often lost or mutated somatically in the multi-step evolution of cancer in non-susceptibles and may therefore be targets for novel screening and treatment methods. Most cancer susceptibility genes so far discovered are rare and highly penetrant, and known genes cause only a small proportion of all cancers. There is also suggestive evidence for the existence of more common but less penetrant genes which cause a larger proportion of all cancers, but such genes may prove very difficult to detect. They will rarely give rise to enough cancers in a single family for linkage analysis to succeed, and they may not even give rise to a detectably increased risk in relatives of cancer patients.

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Authors
  1. Richard S. Houlston
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  2. Julian Peto
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Editor information

Editors and Affiliations

  1. Cancer Genetics and Clinical Oncology, Institute of Cancer Research and Royal Marsden Hospital, Surrey, UK

    Rosalind A. Eeles (Senior Lecturer and Honorary Consultant) (Senior Lecturer and Honorary Consultant)

  2. CRC Human Cancer Genetics Research Group, University of Cambridge, UK

    Bruce A. J. Ponder (Director) (Director)

  3. CRC Genetic Epidemiology Unit, University of Cambridge, UK

    Douglas F. Easton (Director) (Director)

  4. Academic Unit of Radiotherapy and Oncology, Institute of Cancer Research and Royal Marsden Hospital, Surrey, UK

    Alan Horwich (Director of Clinical Research) (Director of Clinical Research)

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© 1996 Springer Science+Business Media Dordrecht

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Houlston, R.S., Peto, J. (1996). Genetics and the common cancers. In: Eeles, R.A., Ponder, B.A.J., Easton, D.F., Horwich, A. (eds) Genetic Predisposition to Cancer. Springer, Boston, MA. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4899-4501-3_13

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4899-4501-3_13

  • Publisher Name: Springer, Boston, MA

  • Print ISBN: 978-0-412-56580-9

  • Online ISBN: 978-1-4899-4501-3

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