Abstract
The vascular system is lined by mitotically quiescent but metabolically active endothelial cells, which in addition to having a broad range of metabolic activities, provide a nonthrombogenic surface for blood flow. Beneath the endothelium, smooth muscle cells are found in the media of large vessels, and pericytes are found in close association with the endothelial cells of microvascular beds. The smooth muscle cells (pericytes) are thought to play major roles in maintaining vessel wall integrity, being responsible for the maintenance to the connective tissues of the vessel wall and in the control of vascular tone.8 Vascular cells (large and small vessel derived endothelial, pericyte, and smooth muscle cells) have been found to respond to injury in specific ways, depending upon the vascular bed and the cell type(s) injured. For example, following denudation injury evoked by angioplasty, endarterectomy or autologous or synthetic grafting, large vessel endothelial cells bordering the affected area will exhibit rapid sheet migration over the exposed extracellular matrix and proliferate in an attempt to reconstitute the normal continuous endothelial cell lining.15,20 The medial smooth muscle cells of large and medium-sized vessels respond to vessel injury by migrating into the intima, where they proliferate and synthesize matrix components, which results in the formation of a thickened intima which narrows the vessel lumen.34 In contrast, following soft tissue injury or in response to a variety of angiogenic factors, microvascular endothelial cells respond by freeing themselves from the constraints of their investing basement membranes. Following this, they migrate and proliferate in the surrounding three-dimensional interstitial stroma and ultimately form new microvessels.17
This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.
Access this chapter
Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout
Purchases are for personal use only
Preview
Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.
Similar content being viewed by others
References
Assoian, R. K., 1988, The role of growth factors in tissue repair IV: Type β transforming growth factor and stimulation of fibrosis, in: The Molecular and Cellular Biology of Wound Repair (R. F. Clark and P. Henson, eds.), Plenum Press, New York, pp. 273–280.
Basson, C. T., Knowles, W. J., Bell, L., Albelda, S. M., Castronovo, V., Liotta, L., and Madri, J. A., 1990, Spatiotemporal segregation of endothelial cell integrin and non-integrin extracellular matrix binding proteins during adhesion events, J. Cell Biol. 110:789–802.
Basson, C. T., Asis, A., Reidy, M. A., and Madri, J. A., 1991, Extracellular matrix and soluble factors differentially modulate vascular cell integrins during bovine aortic cell adhesion in vitro and rat carotid atherogenesis in vivo, Am. J. Pathol. (under revision).
Bell, L., and Madri, J. A., 1989, Effect of platelet factors on migration of cultured bovine aortic endothelial and smooth muscle cells, Circ. Res. 65:1057–1065.
Carley, W., Milici, A. J., and Madri, J. A., 1988, Extracellular matrix specificity for the differentiation of capillary endothelial cells, Exp. Cell Res. 178:426–434.
Cotran, R. S., and Pober, J. S., 1988, Endothelial activation: Its role in inflammatory and immune reactions, in: Endothelial Cell Biology in Health and Disease (N. Simionescu and M. Simionescu, eds.), Plenum Press, New York, pp. 335–348.
Davis, B. H., Pratt, B. M., and Madri, J. A., 1987, Hepatic ito cell culture: Modulation of collagen phenotype and cellular retinol binding protein by retinol and extracellular collagen matrix, J. Biol. Chem. 262:10280–10286.
Fishman, A. P. (ed.), 1982, Endothelium, The New York Academy of Sciences, New York.
Gimbrone, M. A., and Bevilacqua, M. P., 1988, Vascular endothelium: Functional modulation at the blood interface, in: Endothelial Cell Biology in Health and Disease (N. Simionescu and M. Simionescu, eds.), Plenum Press, New York, pp. 255–274.
Huang, J. S., Olsen, T. J., and Huang, S. H., 1988, The role of growth factors in tissue repair I: Platelet-derived growth factor, in: The Molecular and Cellular Biology of Wound Repair (R. F. Clark and P. Henson, eds.), Plenum Press, New York, pp. 243–252.
Jennings, J. C., Mohan, S., Linkhart, T. A., Widstrom, R., and Baylink, D. J., 1988, Comparison of the biological actions of TGF beta-1 and TGF beta-2: Differential activity in endothelial cells, J. Cell. Physiol. 137:167–172.
Kocher, O., and Madri, J. A., 1989, Modulation of actin mRNAs in cultured vascular cells by matrix components and TGF-β1, In Vitro 25:424–434.
Leto, T. L., Pratt, B. M., and Madri, J. A., 1986, Mechanisms of cytoskeletal regulation: Modulation of aortic endothelial cell protein band 4.1 by the extracellular matrix, J. Cell. Physiol. 127:423–431.
Madri, J. A., 1982, The preparation of type V collagen, in: The Immunochemistry of the Extracellular Matrix, Volume I (H. Furthmayr, ed.), CRC Press, Boca Raton, Fl., pp. 75–90.
Madri, J. A., 1987, The extracellular matrix as a modulator of neovascularization, in: Cardiovascular Disease: Molecular and Cellular Mechanisms, Prevention, Treatment (L. Gallo, ed.), Plenum Press, New York, pp. 177–184.
Madri, J. A., and Pratt, B. M., 1986, Endothelial cell-matrix interactions: In vitro models of angiogenesis, J. Histochem. Cytochem. 34:85–91.
Madri, J. A., and Pratt, B. M., 1988, Angiogenesis, in: The Molecular and Cellular Biology of Wound Repair (R. F. Clark and P. Henson, eds.), Plenum Press, New York, pp. 337–358.
Madri, J. A., and Williams, S. K., 1983, Capillary endothelial cell cultures: Phenotypic modulation by matrix components, J. Cell Biol. 97:152–165.
Madri, J. A., Dreyer, B., Pitlick, F., and Furthmayr, H., 1980, The collagenous components of subendo-thelium: Correlation of structure and function, Lab. Invest. 43:303–315.
Madri, J. A., Pratt, B. M., and Yannariello-Brown, J., 1988, Matrix-driven cell size changes modulate aortic endothelial cell proliferation and sheet migration, Am. J. Pathol. 132:18–27.
Madri, J. A., Pratt, B. M., and Yannariello-Brown, J., 1988, Endothelial cell-extracellular matrix interactions: Matrix as a modulator of cell function, in: Endothelial Cell Biology in Health and Disease (N. Simionescu and M. Simionescu, eds.), Plenum Press, New York, pp. 167–190.
Madri, J. A., Pratt, B. M., and Tucker, A. M., 1988, Phenotypic modulation of endothelial cells by transforming growth factor-β depends upon the composition and organization of the extracellular matrix, J. Cell Biol. 106:1375–1384.
Madri, J. A., Kocher, O., Merwin, J. R., Bell, L., and Yannariello-Brown, J., 1989, The interactions of vascular cells with solid phase (matrix) and soluble factors, J. Cardiovasc. Pharmacol. 14:S70–S75.
Madri, J. A., Reidy, M. A., Kocher, O., and Bell, L., 1989, Endothelial cell behavior following denudation injury is modulated by TGF-β1 and fibronectin, Lab. Invest. 60:755–765.
Madri, J. A., Kocher, O., Merwin, J. R., Bell, L., Tbcker, A., and Basson, C. T., 1989, Interactions of vascular cells with transforming growth factors beta, Ann. N.Y. Acad. Sci. 593:243–258.
Merwin, J. R., Anderson, J., Kocher, O., van Itallie, C., and Madri, J. A., 1990, Transforming growth factor β1 modulates extracellular matrix organization and cell-cell junctional complex formation during in vitro angiogenesis, J. Cell. Physiol. 142:117–128.
Merwin, J. R., Newman, W., Beali, L. D., Tucker, A., and Madri, J. A., 1990, Vascular cells respond differentially to transforming growth factors-beta1 and beta2, Am. J. Pathol. 138:37–51.
Munro, J. M., and Cotran, R. S., 1988, The pathogenesis of atherosclerosis: Atherogenesis and inflammation, Lab. Invest. 58:249–253.
Nicosia, R. F., and Madri, J. A., 1987, The microvascular extracellular matrix: Developmental changes during angiogenesis in the aortic ring-plasma clot model, Am. J. Pathol. 128:78–90.
Pratt, B. M., Harris, A. S., Morrow, J. S., and Madri, J. A., 1984, Mechanisms of cytoskeletal regulation: Modulation of aortic endothelial cell spectrin by the extracellular matrix, Am. J. Pathol. 117:337–342.
Pratt, B. M., Form, D., and Madri, J. A., 1985, Endothelial cell-extracellular matrix interactions, Ann. N.Y. Acad. Sci. 460:274–288.
Rizzino, A., Kazakoff, P., Ruff, E., Kuszynski, C., and Nebelsick, J., 1988, Regulatory effects of cell density on the binding of transforming growth factor beta, epidermal growth factor, platelet derived growth factor, and fibroblast growth factor, Cancer Res. 48:4266–4271.
Ross, R., 1986, Medical progress: The pathogenesis of atherosclerosis—An update, N. Engl. J. Med. 314:488–500.
Ross, R., 1988, Endothelial injury and atherosclerosis, in: Endothelial Cell Biology in Health and Disease (N. Simionescu and M. Simionescu, eds.), Plenum Press, New York, pp. 371–384.
Sporn, M. B., and Roberts, A.B., 1990, The transforming growth factors-beta: Past, present and future, Ann. N.Y. Acad. Sci. 593:1–6.
Terkeltaub, R. A., and Ginsberg, M. H., 1988, Platelets and response to injury, in: The Molecular and Cellular Biology of Wound Repair (R. F. Clark and P. Henson, eds.), Plenum Press, New York, pp. 35–56.
Yannariello-Brown, J., Wewer, U., Liotta, L., and Madri, J. A., 1988, Distribution of a 69kD laminin binding protein in aortic and microvascular endothelial cells: Modulation during cell attachment, spreading and migration, J. Cell Biol. 106:1773–1786.
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Editor information
Editors and Affiliations
Rights and permissions
Copyright information
© 1992 Springer Science+Business Media New York
About this chapter
Cite this chapter
Madri, J.A. et al. (1992). Interactions of Matrix Components and Soluble Factors in Vascular Responses to Injury. In: Simionescu, N., Simionescu, M. (eds) Endothelial Cell Dysfunctions. Springer, Boston, MA. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4899-0721-9_2
Download citation
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4899-0721-9_2
Publisher Name: Springer, Boston, MA
Print ISBN: 978-1-4899-0723-3
Online ISBN: 978-1-4899-0721-9
eBook Packages: Springer Book Archive