Abstract
Though tolerance to, and physical dependence on, ethanol have long been recognized, relatively little research has been devoted to the mechanisms by which these states are brought about. Comparatively, much more effort has been directed to the study of opiate dependence, and it is perhaps not surprising that the theoretical models of tolerance and physical dependence are almost all derived from the study of opiates. Yet there are very significant differences between the pharmacological actions of opiates and those of ethanol, barbiturates, minor tranquilizers and other drugs. The extension of these theoretical models, to apply to the other drugs mentioned, is possible only if they are couched in such general terms that they are of little value in orienting further research (18). In order to derive models with better definition, it is desirable to note those features of alcohol tolerance and dependence for which the model must be able to account.
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Kalant, H. (1973). Biological Models of Alcohol Tolerance and Physical Dependence. In: Gross, M.M. (eds) Alcohol Intoxication and Withdrawal I. Advances in Experimental Medicine and Biology, vol 35. Springer, Boston, MA. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4684-3234-3_1
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4684-3234-3_1
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