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Human Monoclonal Antibodies Produced by Epstein-Barr Virus Immortalized Cell Lines: Technical and Theoretical Principles

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Abstract

Continuous cell lines that produce monoclonal antibodies are now routinely established from mouse and rat origin according to the hybridoma method (Köhler and Milstein, 1975). This method is still, to a large extent, limited to rodents and only very few positive results using human cells have been reported. The hybridoma technology has introduced to research and medicine a new type of reagent that differs both qualitatively and quantitatively from the conventional polyclonal antibodies. An important aspect of monoclonal antibodies is the species from which they are derived. Monoclonal antibodies are generated from manipulated lymphocytes and obviously reflect the humoral immune response of the donor. The antibody response of the human immune system differs in scope and fine specificity from that of the rodent. For example, xenogeneic antibodies usually react with non-polymorphic determinants, whereas allo-antibodies would, by definition, recognize polymorphic determinants of human cells and might have the fine specificity necessary to define tumour-associated antigens. In general, mouse monoclonal antibodies to human cell surface antigens can distinguish between normal and transformed cells only to a limited extent. In addition, there is an obvious advantage in therapy when an allogeneic antibody is used compared with a xenogeneic one; the latter usually elicits a strong response in the host against the foreign antibody, with dominance of anti-idiotype antibodies (Shawler et al., 1985)

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  1. M. Steinitz
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  1. Abteilung für Innere Medizin I, Universität Ulm, D-7900, Ulm, Germany

    S. B. Pal

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© 1988 S. B. Pal and the Contributors

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Steinitz, M. (1988). Human Monoclonal Antibodies Produced by Epstein-Barr Virus Immortalized Cell Lines: Technical and Theoretical Principles. In: Pal, S.B. (eds) Reviews on Immunoassay Technology. Palgrave Macmillan, London. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-349-10318-8_1

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