Abstract
Based on the concepts of the wave theory of optical fibers, the excitation of luminescence in a few-mode fiber made of chalcogenide glass doped with terbium ions is considered. According to the wave theory, radiation propagating in a fiber is a set of modes, each having its own intensity profile in the cross section of the fiber. A simplified theoretical model is developed, which differs from the generally accepted phenomenological model in that the radiation intensity in the cross section of the fiber is assumed not to be constant, but to depend on the radial coordinate in accordance with the intensity profile of the given mode. By solving the model problem of population kinetics of terbium ion energy levels in the Ga5Ge20Sb10Se65 glass upon absorption of pump radiation with a given intensity profile, it was established that the rate of population change and the time of formation of population inversion depend on the radial coordinate. It is shown that, due to the radial dependence of the levels populations, the intensity profiles of modes propagating in the fiber at the pump and luminescence wavelengths are distorted. The radiation losses arising from the rearrangement of mode profiles and the applicability of the generally accepted phenomenological model are discussed.
REFERENCES
Boussard-Pledel, C., in Chalcogenide Glasses: Preparation, Properties and Applications, Woodhead Publishing Series in Electronic and Optical Materials, 2014, vol. 44, p. 381.
Guo, H., Cui, J., Xu, C., Xu, Y., and Farrell, G., in Mid-Infrared Fluoride and Chalcogenide Glasses and Fibers, Progress in Optical Science and Photonics, 2022, vol. 18, p. 217.
Heo, J., Rodrigues, M., Saggese, S.J., and Sigel, G.H., J. Appl. Opt., 1991, vol. 30, p. 3944.
Sanghera, J.S., Kung, F.H., Pureza, P.C., et al., J. Appl. Opt., 1994, vol. 33, p. 6315.
Seddon, A.B., Tang, Z., Furniss, D., et al., Opt. Express, 2010, vol. 18, p. 26704.
Jackson, S.D. and Jain, R.K., Opt. Express, 2020, vol. 28, p. 30964.
Shaw, L.B., Cole, B., Thielen, P.A., Sanghera, J.S., and Aggarwal, I.D., IEEE J. Quantum Electron., 2001, vol. 48, p. 1127.
Sojka, L., Tang, Z., Jayasuriya, D., Shen, M., et al., Appl. Sci., 2020, vol. 10, p. 539.
Nazabal, V. and Adam, J.-L., Opt. Mater.: X, 2022, vol. 15, p. 100168.
Shiryaev, V.S., Karaksina, E.V., Kotereva, T.V., Snopatin, G.E., Velmuzhov, A.P., et al., J. Non-Cryst. Solids, 2020, vol. 537, p. 120026.
Karaksina, E.V., Kotereva, T.V., and Shiryaev, V.S., J. Lumin., 2018, vol. 204, p. 154.
Karaksina, E.V., Shiryaev, V.S., Anashkina, E.A., Kotereva, T.V., Churbanov, M.F., and Snopatin, G.E., Opt. Mater., 2017, vol. 72, p. 654.
Churbanov, M.F., Denker, B.I., et al., J. Lumin., 2022, vol. 245, p. 118756.
Shiryaev, V.S., Karaksina, E.V., et al., J. Lumin., 2017, vol. 183, p. 129.
Velmuzhov, A.P., Sukhanov, M.V., Plotnichenko, V.G., Plekhovich, A.D., Shiryaev, V.S., and Churbanov, M.F., J. Non-Cryst. Solids, 2019, vol. 525, p. 119669.
Sukhanov, M.V., Velmuzhov, A.P., Otopkova, P.A., Ketkova, L.A., Evdokimov, I.I., Kurganova, A.E., Plotnichenko, V.G., and Shiryaev, V.S., J. Non-Cryst. Solids, 2022, vol. 593, p. 121793.
Sukhanov, M.V., Velmuzhov, A.P., Ketkova, L.A., Otopkova, P.A., Evdokimov, I.I., Kurganova, A.E., Shiryaev, V.S., Denker, B.I., Galagan, B.I., Koltashev, V.V., Plotnichenko, V.G., and Sverchkov, S.E., J. Non-Cryst. Solids, 2023, vol. 608, p. 122256.
Starecki, F., Charpentier, F., Doualan, J.L., Quetel, L., Michel, K., and Chahal, R., Sens. Actuators B, 2015, vol. 207, p. 518.
Pele, A.L., Braud, A., Doualan, J.L., Starecki, F., Nazabal, V., Chahal, R., Boussard-Plédel, C., Bureau, B., et al., Opt. Mater., 2016, vol. 61, p. 37.
Velmuzhov, A.P., Sukhanov, M.V., Kotereva, T.V., Zernova, N.S., Shiryaev, V.S., et al., J. Non-Crystal. Solids, 2019, vol. 517, p. 70.
Churbanov, M.F., Denker, B.I., Galagan, B.I., Koltashev, V.V., Plotnichenko, V.G., Sukhanov, M.V., et al., Appl. Phys. B, 2020, vol. 126, p. 117.
Shiryaev, V.S., Sukhanov, M.V., Velmuzhov, A.P., Karaksina, E.V., Kotereva, T.V., Snopatin, G.E., Denker, B.I., Galagan, B.I., Sverchkov, S.E., et al., J. Non-Cryst. Solids, 2021, vol. 567, p. 120939.
Koltashev, V.V., Denker, B.I., Galagan, B.I., Snopatin, G.E., Sukhanov, M.V., et al., Opt. Laser Technol., 2023, vol. 161, p. 109233.
Sujecki, S., Sojka, L., Pawlik, E., Anders, K., Piramidowicz, R., Tang, Z., Furniss, D., Barney, E., Benson, T., and Seddon, A., J. Lumin., 2018, vol. 199, p. 112.
Starecki, F., Abdellaoui, N., Braud, A., Doualan, J.-L., Boussard-Plédel, C., Bureau, B., Camy, P., and Nazabal, V., Opt. Lett., 2018, vol. 43, p. 1211.
Abdellaoui, N., Starecki, F., Boussard-Pledel, C., Shpotyuk, Y., Doualan, J-L., Braud, A., Baudet, E., Nemec, P., Chevire, F., Dussauze, M., Bureau, B., Camy, P., and Nazabal, V., Opt. Mater. Express, 2018, vol. 8, p. 2887.
Sujecki, S., Sojka, L., Beres-Pawlik, E., Anders, K., Piramidowicz, R., Tang, Z., Furniss, D., Barney, E., et al., J. Lumin., 2019, vol. 209, p. 14.
Dong, L. and Samson, B., Fiber Lasers: Basics, Technology, and Applications, CRC Press, 2016.
Anashkina, E.A., IEEE Photon. Technol. Lett., 2018, vol. 30, p. 1190.
Sójka, L.,Tang, Z., Zhu, H., et al., Opt. Mater. Express, 2012, vol. 2, p. 1632.
Bogatov, A.P., Quantum Electron., 2017, vol. 47, p. 313.
Masalov, A.V. and Minogin, V.G., J. Exp. Theor. Phys., 2014, vol. 118, p. 714.
Le Kien, F., Hejazi, S., Busch, T., et al., Proc. 2018 Conf. on Lasers and Electro-Optics (CLEO), San Jose, US, 2018.
Snyder, A. and Love, J., Optical Waveguide Theory, New York: Springer, 1983.
Sójka, L., Tang, Z., Furniss, D., Sakr, H., Fang, Y., Beres’-Pawlik, E., Benson, T.M., Seddon, A.B., and Sujecki, S., J. Opt. Soc. Am. B, 2017, vol. 34, p. 70.
Sujecki, S., Sojka, L., Tang, Z., Jayasuriya, D., Furniss, D., Barney, E., Benson, T., and Seddon, A., J. Rare Earths, 2019, vol. 37, p. 1157.
Ma, C., Guo, H., Xu, Y., Wu, Z., Mingming Li, M., Jia, X., and Nie, Q., J. Am. Ceram. Soc., 2019, vol. 102, p. 6794.
Funding
This work was supported by the Russian Science Foundation (project no. 21-13-00194).
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding authors
Ethics declarations
The authors of this work declare that they have no conflicts of interest.
Additional information
Translated by V. Derbov
Publisher’s Note.
Allerton Press remains neutral with regard to jurisdictional claims in published maps and institutional affiliations.
About this article
Cite this article
Romanova, E.A., Parshina, N.D. & Shiryaev, V.S. The Influence of the Mode Intensity Profile on the Population Kinetics of Terbium Ion Levels and the Excitation of Luminescence in a Few-Mode Chalcogenide Fiber. Bull. Lebedev Phys. Inst. 50 (Suppl 11), S1225–S1239 (2023). https://doi.org/10.3103/S1068335623602017
Received:
Revised:
Accepted:
Published:
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.3103/S1068335623602017