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Processing Finely Dispersed Technogenic Raw Materials for Aluminum Production in Order to Extract Valuable Components

  • METALLURGY OF NONFERROUS METALS
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Abstract

The results of experimental work on the hydrometallurgical processing of finely dispersed technogenic raw materials for primary aluminum production in electrolyzers with self-baking anodes (using the example of the Irkutsk aluminum plant)—stale sludge—are presented. The components of this sludge are dust from electrostatic precipitators (79.7%), sludge from “wet” gas cleaning (4.4%), and tailings of coal foam flotation (15.8%). According to granulometric analysis, the particles of the stale sludge sample have a size of ‒50 μm. According to the results of an analysis of the chemical composition of the sludge sample, the main components in it are carbon, cryolite, and chiolite with small quantities of other compounds (corundum, ralstonite, spodumene, and fluorite). Fluorine leaching experiments have been carried out with a 2% sodium hydroxide solution at a stirrer speed of ~1020 rpm. Using the method of mathematical planning of a three-factor experiment, it is found that, to achieve the maximum concentration of fluorine in the solution (15.844 g/dm3), the optimal parameters for alkaline leaching of fluorine are a temperature of 90°C, a liquid-to-solid ratio of 9 : 1, and a duration of 90 min. The equation of the multidimensional polynomial of the process of alkaline leaching of fluorine from stale sludge is obtained. Cryolite is obtained from fluorine-containing solutions (by the reaction of interaction of sodium fluoride with sodium bicarbonate and an aluminate solution), which is confirmed by X-ray phase analysis data.

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Funding

This study was funded by the Russian Foundation for Basic Research, project number 20-38-90212.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Irkutsk National Research Technical University, Irkutsk, Russia

    N. V. Nemchinova, A. E. Barauskas, A. A. Tyutrin & V. S. Vologin

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  1. N. V. Nemchinova
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  2. A. E. Barauskas
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  3. A. A. Tyutrin
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Correspondence to N. V. Nemchinova, A. E. Barauskas, A. A. Tyutrin or V. S. Vologin.

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Translated by Sh. Galyaltdinov

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Nemchinova, N.V., Barauskas, A.E., Tyutrin, A.A. et al. Processing Finely Dispersed Technogenic Raw Materials for Aluminum Production in Order to Extract Valuable Components. Russ. J. Non-ferrous Metals 62, 659–667 (2021). https://doi.org/10.3103/S1067821221060158

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