Abstract
Dielectric aging of Dy and Mn-codoped BaTiO3 multilayer ceramic capacitors was investigated. The increase of Dy concentration significantly decreased the aging rate and caused a disappearance of the thermally stimulated depolarization current peak associated with the defect dipole of Mn such as \({\rm}_{{\rm{Ti}}}^{\prime \prime } {\rm{ - V}}_{\rm{O}}^{\cdot\cdot}\) or \({\rm}_{{\rm{Ti}}}^\prime {\rm{ - V}}_{\rm{O}}^{\cdot\cdot}\), which was observed in low Dy-concentration specimens. These results experimentally demonstrate that the rare earth element, Dy, decreases the concentration of the defect dipoles and thereby controls dielectric aging.
![](http://media.springernature.com/m312/springer-static/image/art%3A10.1557%2Fjmr.2013.347/MediaObjects/43578_2013_28233252_Fig1.jpg)
![](http://media.springernature.com/m312/springer-static/image/art%3A10.1557%2Fjmr.2013.347/MediaObjects/43578_2013_28233252_Fig2.jpg)
![](http://media.springernature.com/m312/springer-static/image/art%3A10.1557%2Fjmr.2013.347/MediaObjects/43578_2013_28233252_Fig3.jpg)
![](http://media.springernature.com/m312/springer-static/image/art%3A10.1557%2Fjmr.2013.347/MediaObjects/43578_2013_28233252_Fig4.jpg)
Similar content being viewed by others
REFERENCES
J. Rödel and G. Tomandl: Degradation of Mn-doped BaTiO3 ceramic under a high d.c. electric field. J. Mater. Sci. 19, 3515 (1984).
R. Waser, T. Baiatu, and K.H. Härdtl: DC electrical degradation of perovskite-type titanates: II, single crystals. J. Am. Ceram. Soc. 73, 1654 (1990).
S.H. Yoon, C.A. Randall, and K.H. Hur: Difference between resistance degradation of fixed valence acceptor (Mg) and variable valence acceptor (Mn)-doped BaTiO3 ceramics. J. Appl. Phys. 108, 064101 (2010).
H.J. Hagemann: Loss mechanisms and domain stabilization in doped BaTiO3. J. Phys. C: Solid State Phys. 11, 3333 (1978).
P.V. Lambeck and G.H. Jonker: The nature of domain stabilization in ferroelectric perovskites. J. Phys. Chem. Solids 47, 453 (1986).
W.A. Schulze and K. Ogino: Review of literature on aging of dielectrics. Ferroelectrics 87, 361 (1988).
X. Ren: Large electric-field-induced strain in ferroelectric crystals by point-defect-mediated reversible domain switching. Nat. Mater. 3, 91 (2004).
D.C. Lupascu, Y.A. Genenko, and N. Balke: Aging in ferroelectrics. J. Am. Ceram. Soc. 89, 224–229 (2006).
Y.A. Genenko and D.C. Lupascu: Drift of charged defects in local fields as aging mechanism in ferroelectrics. Phys. Rev. B 75, 184107 (2007).
U. Robels and G. Arlt: Domain wall clam** in ferroelectrics by orientation of defects. J. Appl. Phys. 73, 3454 (1993).
S.H. Yoon, J.S. Park, S.H. Kim, and D.Y. Kim: Thermally stimulated depolarization current analysis for the dielectric aging of Mn and V-codoped BaTiO3 multi layer ceramic capacitor. Appl. Phys. Lett. 103, 042901 (2013).
D.F.K. Hennings: Dielectric materials for sintering in reducing atmospheres. J. Eur. Ceram. Soc. 21, 1637 (2001).
H. Kishi, Y. Mizuno, and H. Chazono: Base-metal electrode-multilayer ceramic capacitors: Past, present and future perspectives. Jpn. J. Appl. Phys. 42, 1 (2003).
C.A. Randall: Scientific and engineering issues of the state-of-the-art and future multilayer capacitors. J. Ceram. Soc. Jpn. 109, S2 (2001).
H. Bao, J. Gao, D. Xue, C. Zhou, L. Zhang, W. Liu, and X. Ren: Control of ferroelectric aging by manipulating point defects. Ferroelectrics 401, 45 (2010).
S.H. Yoon, C.A. Randall, and K.H. Hur: Effect of acceptor (Mg) concentration on the resistance degradation behavior in acceptor (Mg)-doped BaTiO3 bulk ceramics: II. Thermally stimulated depolarization current (TSDC) analysis. J. Am. Ceram. Soc. 92, 1766 (2009).
W. Liu and C.A. Randall: Thermally stimulated relaxation in Fe-doped SrTiO3 systems: I. Single crystals. J. Am. Ceram. Soc. 91, 3245 (2008).
F.E. Kamel, P. Gonon, F. Jomni, and B. Yangui: Thermally stimulated currents in amorphous barium titanate thin films deposited by RF magnetron sputtering. J. Appl. Phys. 100, 054107 (2006).
T. Fukami, M. Kusunoki, and H. Tsuchiya: TSC study on Fe-doped barium-strontium titanate ceramics. Jpn. J. Appl. Phys. 26, 46 (1987).
J. Vanderschueren and J. Gasiot: 4. Field-induced Thermally Stimulated Currents. In Thermally Stimulated Relaxation in Solids. edited by P. Braunlich. (Springer-Verlag, Berlin/Hidelberg/New York, 1979).
L.I. Grossweiner: A note on the analysis of first-order glow curves. J. Appl. Phys. 24, 1306 (1953).
R.R. Haering and E.N. Adams: Theory and application of thermally stimulated currents in photoconductors. Phys. Rev. 117, 451 (1960).
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding author
Rights and permissions
About this article
Cite this article
Yoon, SH., Lim, JB., Kim, SH. et al. Influence of Dy on the dielectric aging and thermally stimulated depolarization current in Dy and Mn-codoped BaTiO3 multilayer ceramic capacitor. Journal of Materials Research 28, 3252–3256 (2013). https://doi.org/10.1557/jmr.2013.347
Received:
Accepted:
Published:
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1557/jmr.2013.347