Abstract
Background
Certain occupations may predispose individuals to urolithiasis, a multi-factorial disease. The study aimed to evaluate the prevalence and related factors of nephrolithiasis in medical staff in Qingdao, China.
Methods
Physical examination results of 5115 in-service medical staff aged 22–60 years old were retrospectively analyzed. Multivariable logistic regression analysis and stratified analyses by age and gender were applied to explore the related factors of nephrolithiasis in these medical staff.
Results
The overall nephrolithiasis prevalence in medical staff in Qingdao, China was 4.65%. Doctors were more prone to nephrolithiasis than nurses (5.63% vs. 3.96%, P = 0.013) and the peak prevalence (6.69%) was observed in medical staff working in the emergency department (ED). Male gender (OR = 1.615, 95% CI = 1.123–2.323, P = 0.010), overweight or obesity (OR = 1.674, 95% CI = 1.266–2.214, P < 0.001), work seniority ≥ 10 years (OR = 2.489, 95%CI = 1.675–3.699, P < 0.001) and working in the ED (OR = 1.815, 95% CI = 1.202–2.742, P = 0.005) were independent predictors for nephrolithiasis in medical staff based on the results of multivariate logistic regression analysis. The associations between overweight or obesity and nephrolithiasis risk as well as between work seniority ≥ 10 years and nephrolithiasis risk in medical staff were independent of age or gender in stratified analysis.
Conclusions
Nephrolithiasis prevalence in medical staff in Qingdao, China seemed not to be higher than that in the general population. Medical staff with work seniority ≥ 10 years and working in the ED should pay abundant attention to take measures to modify their nephrolithiasis risk.
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Background
Urolithiasis, namely urinary stone disease (USD), is one of the most common urological diseases with varied prevalence rates ranging from 1 to 20% depending on genetic, sociodemographic, geographic, climatic and lifestyle factors [1,2,3]. It may be asymptomatic or lead to symptoms necessitating intervention (e.g., flank pain, dysuria, hematuria), or even result in severe consequences such as pyonephrosis and chronic renal failure [4, 5]. Various factors contribute to stone formation, including urinary infection and obstruction, genetic predisposition, climate, gender, age, obesity, weight gain, diet, limited fluid intake, certain drugs and metabolic disorders [6, Our study demonstrated that nephrolithiasis prevalence in medical staff from Qingdao was 4.65%, which seemed not to be higher than that in the general population in Shandong province. Nephrolithiasis prevalence was higher in doctors than in nurses and the peak prevalence was observed in ED medical staff. As for work-related factors, work seniority ≥ 10 years and working in the ED were independently associated with nephrolithiasis susceptibility in medical staff from Qingdao. Further multi-center and larger-scale studies are warranted to ascertain nephrolithiasis prevalence and risk factors in medical staff.Conclusions
Data availability
The datasets used and/or analyzed in the current study are available from the corresponding authors on reasonable request.
Abbreviations
- USD:
-
urinary stone disease
- BMI:
-
body mass index
- BP:
-
blood pressure
- KUB:
-
kidney-ureter-bladder plain film
- CT:
-
computed tomography
- IQR:
-
interquartile range
- OR:
-
odds ratio
- CI:
-
confidence interval
- ED:
-
emergency department
- ACTH:
-
adrenocorticotropic hormone
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Acknowledgements
We would like to express our sincere gratitude to all the participants for their efforts in this article.
Funding
This study was supported by a grant from Qingdao Municipal Science and Technology Bureau (grant number 23-2-1-142-zyyd-jch).
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All authors contributed to the study conception and design. Data collection was conducted by Lei Guo, Ying Sun, Li Xue and Yue Wang. Data analysis was performed by Lei Guo, Lijun Liu and **ngji Gong. The first draft of the manuscript was written by Lei Guo and Lijun Liu. Wei Jiao and Haitao Niu commented on previous versions of the manuscript. All authors read and approved the final manuscript.
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This study was carried out in accordance with the Declaration of Helsinki and received ethical approval from the Ethics Committee of the Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University. Informed consent was waived by the Ethics Committee of the Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University.
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Guo, L., Liu, L., Sun, Y. et al. Prevalence and related factors of nephrolithiasis among medical staff in Qingdao, China: a retrospective cross-sectional study. BMC Nephrol 25, 213 (2024). https://doi.org/10.1186/s12882-024-03651-6
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1186/s12882-024-03651-6