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The Geological Structure and Rock Compositions of Kronotsky Volcano, the Largest Stratovolcano in the Frontal Zone of the East Volcanic Belt of Kamchatka

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Abstract

The 2020–2022 field works gave results that were used as a basis for describing the geological structure and whole-rock compositions for Kronotsky Volcano, one of the least known eruption centers in the East Volcanic Belt (EVB), Kamchatka. The stratovolcano edifice was estimated to be 350 km3 in volume, which is much above the respective figures for the other stratovolcanoes in the EVB frontal zone. The rocks are low-K and high-Fe tholeiitic basalts and basaltic andesites (SiO2 = 47.04‒53.15 wt %; K2O = 0.24‒0.65 wt %; FeO*/MgO = 1.2‒2.89). The basalts have extremely low concentrations of silica, potassium, titanium, and phosphorus compared with the rocks of the other frontal volcanoes in Kamchatka. The petrochemical differences thus identified were used to more accurately classify structures situated at the junction between the nearby Kronotsky and Krasheninnikov volcanoes. The acquired data will make the basis for further petrologic and geochemical characterization of the volcano, as well as being possibly used for reconstructing the sequence of volcanic events in the area of study, including a more accurate history of the formation of Lake Kronotsky.

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Notes

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ACKNOWLEDGMENTS

We are sincerely grateful to Ruslan and Natalia Akbirov at the Kronotsky Nature Reserve for invaluable help and an enormous contribution to our field surveys. Special thanks go to V.V. Ponomareva and G.N. Markevich for initiating our research in the area of Lake Kronotsky and for support rendered during all phases of our work, as well as to O.V. Dirksen for discussions of geomorphologic features in the territory adjacent to Kronotsky Volcano.

Funding

This work was supported by the Russian Science Foundation, project no. 23-27-00053 https://rscf.ru/project/23-27-00053/; the 2022 field surveys were supported by the Russian Science Foundation through project no. 22-17-00074.

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  1. Institute of Volcanology and Seismology, Far East Branch, Russian Academy of Sciences, bulvar Piipa 9, 683006, Petropavlovsk-Kamchatsky, Russia

    N. V. Gorbach & A. N. Rogozin

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Correspondence to N. V. Gorbach.

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Gorbach, N.V., Rogozin, A.N. The Geological Structure and Rock Compositions of Kronotsky Volcano, the Largest Stratovolcano in the Frontal Zone of the East Volcanic Belt of Kamchatka. J. Volcanolog. Seismol. 17, 374–392 (2023). https://doi.org/10.1134/S074204632370029X

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