Abstract
In mammals, clock-gene proteins are expressed in the neurons of hypot halamic suprachiasmatic nucleus and that of other CNS structures, in the muscles, visceral organs and vessels, thus forming circadian rhythms of many functions. Little is known about the factors of formation of the circadian mechanism at the prenatal period. In the rats, E20 stage is characterized by a high level of oxytocin and selective expression of the first protein of clock-genes PER1. The goal of present study was to check the suggestion on the positive feedback between PER1 and oxytocin at the prenatal period, as well as to elucidate a possible role of PER1 in the regulation of oxytocin and GABA interactions at the period of formation of the cerebral circadian mechanism of clockgenes. With aid of western-blotting, we analyzed the nuclear and cytoplasmic fractions of anterior hypothalamus homogenate from the pregnant females and rat embryos (E20). Retinol metabolites through their nuclear receptor RORa are known to be bound to promoters of oxytocin and per 1 genes. Next day after administration of retinol to the females, a rise in PER1 content was noted in their cytoplasm, whereas in their embryos PER1 content was elevated in the nucleus. In the embryo cytoplasm there was a significant rise in production of oxytocin receptors and a decrease in the level of enzymes of GABA synthesis (glutamate decarboxylases 67 and 65). The results indicate the oxytocin- and retinol-dependent increase in the PER1 expression and the subsequent change in the ratio of oxytocin and GABA efficiency at the prenatal stage of formation of the circadian clockmechanism in the rat embryo anterior hypothalamus.
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Original Russian Text © M.P. Chernysheva, I.V. Romanova, A.L. Mikhrina, 2012, published in Zhurnal Evolyutsionnoi Biokhimii i Fiziologii, 2012, Vol. 48, No. 5, pp. 481–486.
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Chernysheva, M.P., Romanova, I.V. & Mikhrina, A.L. Effect of retinol on interaction of the protein period1, oxytocin, and GABA at the prenatal period of formation of the circadian clock-mechanism in rats. J Evol Biochem Phys 49, 97–104 (2013). https://doi.org/10.1134/S002209301301012X
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1134/S002209301301012X