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Study of Climate from the Lunar Surface and the Energy Imbalance between the Earth and Space

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Abstract—

Long-term high-precision monitoring of the Earth energy imbalance (EEI) requires new long-term stable space platforms for continuous and representative observation of the entire Earth’s surface over many decades. The Lunar Observatory (LO) is a single system of two special optical robotic twin telescopes with multichannel spectrally separated broad- and narrow-band spectrobolometers positioned along the equator on opposite edges of the Moon. The twin telescopes of the system operate successively in automatic mode as a single telescope, follow a single scientific program, and provide long-term monitoring of the EEI in the spectrum of the Earth’s own thermal radiation (4–50 µm) and Bond albedo in the spectrum of solar radiation (0.2–4 µm), as well as in the bands of 8–13 µm of the atmospheric transparency window (in order to estimate the greenhouse gas contribution) and 0.3–3 µm under ideal nighttime conditions continuously for over 94% of the lunar day with an error of ≈0.1%. These data will make it possible to calibrate the dependence of the average annual EEI value on cyclic variations of the total solar irradiance (TSI), which is a reliable indicator for the reconstruction of EEI changes for the entire period of TSI space measurements since 1978. For the first time, this will make it possible to reliably reveal the physical mechanisms of formation as well as the reasons and regularities of variations of climate for the period of more than 70 years and develop the most reliable methods of its forecasting.

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ACKNOWLEDGMENTS

We thank A.A. Garbul for the conducted calculation of the SOTR-300V optical system and P.A. Prokopov for their help in preparing some drawings.

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  1. Pulkovo Observatory, Russian Academy of Sciences, 196140, St. Petersburg, Russia

    H. I. Abdussamatov

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  1. H. I. Abdussamatov
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Correspondence to H. I. Abdussamatov.

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Translated by O. Pismenov

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Abdussamatov, H.I. Study of Climate from the Lunar Surface and the Energy Imbalance between the Earth and Space. Geomagn. Aeron. 62, 952–959 (2022). https://doi.org/10.1134/S0016793222070027

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1134/S0016793222070027

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