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Unique Role of Vimentin in the Intermediate Filament Proteins Family

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Abstract

Intermediate filaments (IFs), being traditionally the least studied component of the cytoskeleton, have begun to receive more attention in recent years. IFs are found in different cell types and are specific to them. Accumulated data have shifted the paradigm about the role of IFs as structures that merely provide mechanical strength to the cell. In addition to this role, IFs have been shown to participate in maintaining cell shape and strengthening cell adhesion. The data have also been obtained that point out to the role of IFs in a number of other biological processes, including organization of microtubules and microfilaments, regulation of nuclear structure and activity, cell cycle control, and regulation of signal transduction pathways. They are also actively involved in the regulation of several aspects of intracellular transport. Among the intermediate filament proteins, vimentin is of particular interest for researchers. Vimentin has been shown to be associated with a range of diseases, including cancer, cataracts, Crohn’s disease, rheumatoid arthritis, and HIV. In this review, we focus almost exclusively on vimentin and the currently known functions of vimentin intermediate filaments (VIFs). This is due to the structural features of vimentin, biological functions of its domains, and its involvement in the regulation of a wide range of basic cellular functions, and its role in the development of human diseases. Particular attention in the review will be paid to comparing the role of VIFs with the role of intermediate filaments consisting of other proteins in cell physiology.

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Funding

The work was financially supported by the Russian Science Foundation (project no. 23-74-00036, to A.A.M.).

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Belozersky Institute of Physical and Chemical Biology, Lomonosov Moscow State University, 119992, Moscow, Russia

    Irina B. Alieva, Anton S. Shakhov & Aleksandra S. Churkina

  2. Institute of Protein Research, Russian Academy of Sciences, 119334, Moscow, Russia

    Alexander A. Dayal, Olga I. Parfenteva & Alexander A. Minin

Authors
  1. Irina B. Alieva
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  2. Anton S. Shakhov
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  3. Alexander A. Dayal
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  4. Aleksandra S. Churkina
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  5. Olga I. Parfenteva
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  6. Alexander A. Minin
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Contributions

I.B.A. and A.A.M. conceptualization and management of the work; I.B.A., A.S.Sh., A.A.D., A.S.Ch., O.I.P., and A.A.M. discussion of research results; I.B.A., A.S.Sh., and A.A.M. manuscript writing; A.A.D. and A.S.Ch. preparation of illustrations; I.B.A., A.S.Sh., A.S.Ch., and A.A.M. editing the text of the article; A.A.D. translation into English.

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Correspondence to Alexander A. Minin.

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Alieva, I.B., Shakhov, A.S., Dayal, A.A. et al. Unique Role of Vimentin in the Intermediate Filament Proteins Family. Biochemistry Moscow 89, 726–736 (2024). https://doi.org/10.1134/S0006297924040114

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1134/S0006297924040114

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