Abstract
We used X-ray reflectivity to investigate the structures of phospholipid multilayers with transcription-activating-factor-derived peptide (TDP) as a function of the membrane charge density. Mixed phospholipid multilayers of 1,2-dipalmitoyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine (DPPC) and 1,2-dipalmitoyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphoserine (DPPS) with different mixing ratios (C:S) were used to elucidate the various charge densities in a plasma membrane. We fixed the peptide/lipid molar ratio (P/L) and varied the DPPC/DPPS molar ratio in the mixed multilayer. In the pure DPPC multilayer, the incorporation of TDP had nearly no effect on the bilayer thickness of the mixed lipid multilayer. However, in the mixed DPPC/DPPS multilayer, the incorporation of TDP decreased the bilayer thickness, suggesting that the TDP peptide had a stronger interaction with DPPS than with DPPC and caused disorder in the lamellar structure. Combining this with the refined X-ray reflectivity (XR) data, we concluded that the TDP existed more in the headgroup region of the TDP-induced segregated DPPS in the mixed multilayer and caused significant membrane thinning.
Article PDF
Reference
K. Simons and D. Toomre, Nat. Rev. Mol. Cell Biol. 1, 31 (2000).
Z.-J. Cheng, R. D. Singh, D. L. Marks, and R. E. Pagano, Mol. Membr. Biol. 23, 101 (2006).
D. A. Brown and E. London, Annu. Rev. Cell Dev. Biol. 14, 111 (1998).
M. Edidin, Annu. Rev. Biophys. Biomol. Struct. 32, 257 (2003).
M. Nielsen, L. Miao, J. H. Lisen, K. Jø rgensen, M. J. Zuckermann, and O. G. Mouritsen, Biochim. Biophys. Acta 1283, 170 (1996).
M. L. Kraft, P. K. Weber, L. M. Longo, I. D. Hutcheon, and S. G. Boxer, Science 313, 1948 (2006).
J. Huang and G. W. Feigenson, Biophys. J. 65, 1788 (1993).
J. Huang, J. E. Swanson, A. R. G. Dibble, A. K. Hinderliter, and G. W. Feigenson, Biophys. J. 64, 413 (1993).
T. G. Anderson and H. M. McConnell, Biophys. J. 81, 2774 (2001).
C. R. Safinya, Curr. Opin. Struct. Biol. 11, 440 (2001).
I. Koltover, T. Salditt, and C. R. Safinya, Biophys. J. 77, 915 (1999).
I. Koltover, T. Salditt, J. O. Radler, and C. R. Safinya, Science 281, 78 (1998).
H. Y. **g, D. H. Hong, B. D. Kwak, D. J. Choi, K. Shin, C.-J. Yu, J. W. Kim, D. Y. Noh, and Y. S. Seo, Langmuir 25, 4198 (2009).
S. Taguchi and N. Wakayama, Jpn. J. Appl. Phys., Part 1 41, 4987 (2002).
F.-Y. Chen, M.-T. Lee, and H. W. Huang, Biophys. J. 84, 3751 (2003).
M.-T. Lee, F.-Y. Chen, and H. W. Huang, Biochemistry 43, 3590 (2004).
J. S. Wadia and S. F. Dowdy, Adv. Drug Deliv. Rev. 57, 579 (2005).
M. Green and P. M. Loewenstein, Cell 55, 1179 (1988).
A. Ziegler, P. Nervi, M. Dürrenberger, and J. Seelig, Biochemistry 44, 138 (2005).
T. Harder, P. Scheiffele, P. Verkade, and K. Simons, J. Cell Biol. 141, 929 (1998).
J. E. Shaw, R. F. Epand, R. M. Epand, Z. Li, R. Bittman, and C. M. Yip, Biophys. J. 90, 2170 (2006).
G. Tae, H. Yang, K. Shin, S. K. Satija, and N. Torikai, J. Pept. Sci. 14, 461 (2008).
S. Ludtke, K. He, and H. Huang, Biochemistry 34, 16764 (1995).
S. X. Hu, H. X. Li, Q. J. Jia, Z. H. Mai, and M. Li, J. Chem. Phys. 122, 124712 (2005).
L. L. **ng, D. P. Li, S. X. Hu, H. Y. **g, H. L. Fu, Z. H. Mai, and M. Li, J. Am. Chem. Soc. 128, 1749 (2006).
H. W. Huang, F.-Y. Chen, and M.-T. Lee, Phys. Rev. Lett. 92, 198304 (2004).
W. H. Huang, Biophys. J. 50, 1061 (1986).
S. J. Ludtke, K. He, W. T. Heller, T. A. Harroun, L. Yang, and H. W. Wuang, Biochemistry 35, 13723 (1996).
H. W. Huang, Biochemistry 39, 8347 (2000).
M. R. Horton, C. Reich, A. P. Gast, J. O. Rädler, and B. Nickel, Langmuir 23, 6263 (2007).
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Rights and permissions
This article is published under an open access license. Please check the 'Copyright Information' section either on this page or in the PDF for details of this license and what re-use is permitted. If your intended use exceeds what is permitted by the license or if you are unable to locate the licence and re-use information, please contact the Rights and Permissions team.
About this article
Cite this article
**g, H., Kim, H., Choi, D. et al. Phase separation of phospholipid multilayers incorporated with cell penetrating peptides. Biointerphases 6, 73–78 (2011). https://doi.org/10.1116/1.3602087
Received:
Accepted:
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1116/1.3602087