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The hematopoietic stem cell transplant comorbidity index can predict for 30-day readmission following autologous stem cell transplant for lymphoma and multiple myeloma

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Abstract

Patients who undergo autologous stem cell transplant (ASCT) for hematologic malignancies frequently have multiple comorbidities. The hematopoietic cell transplantation comorbidity index (HCT-CI), a transplant-specific modification of the Charlson comorbidity index, can predict risk of readmission following allogeneic stem cell transplant. Its utility in the autologous setting is unknown. We evaluated 620 patients who underwent ASCT at the Ohio State University from 2007 to 2012 for lymphoma or multiple myeloma (MM) to identify factors associated with readmission. Univariable and multivariable logistic regression were used to estimate the odds of readmission within 30 days of discharge following ASCT. A Cox proportional hazards model was used to evaluate OS. Sixty-four patients were readmitted within 30 days; the most common indications were fever and prolonged gastrointestinal toxicity. MM compared with lymphoma (odds ratio (OR) 1.89, 95% confidence interval (95% CI): 1.06–3.38, P=0.03), HCT-CI⩾3 (OR 1.74, 95% CI: 1.03–2.96, P=0.04) and length of hospitalization ⩾28 days (OR 3.14, 95% CI: 1.26–7.83, P=0.01) remained significantly associated with 30-day readmission in a multivariable model. While the model had excellent fit (P>0.75), its ability to predict individual patients who would be readmitted was less than acceptable (receiver-operator curve=0.64, 95% CI: 0.57–0.71). In a multivariable proportional hazards model, 30-day readmission (hazards ratio (HR) 1.81, 95% CI: 1.04–3.18, P=0.04), length of hospitalization ⩾28 days (HR 4.93, 95% CI: 2.65–9.18, P<0.001) and chemorefractory disease (HR 3.08, 95% CI: 1.74–5.43, P<0.001) were independently associated with inferior OS, but HCT-CI was not. Evaluation of other assessment tools may allow better prediction of outcomes following ASCT.

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Acknowledgements

We thank Christina Bertram, Diane Scholl and Becky Whittaker for their work as disease-specific transplant coordinators for MM and lymphoma, as well as all of the staff involved in the care of our patients. This work is supported by the National Cancer Institute (1K12 CA133250). The authors have no financial conflicts of interest to disclose.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Hematology, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA

    S M Jaglowski, A S Ruppert, C C Hofmeister, W Blum, R Klisovic, S Vasu, S Penza, Y A Efebera, D M Benson Jr, S M Devine & L A Andritsos

  2. The Ohio State University Comprehensive Cancer Center, Columbus, OH, USA

    P Elder

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  1. S M Jaglowski
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  2. A S Ruppert
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  3. C C Hofmeister
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Correspondence to S M Jaglowski.

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Jaglowski, S., Ruppert, A., Hofmeister, C. et al. The hematopoietic stem cell transplant comorbidity index can predict for 30-day readmission following autologous stem cell transplant for lymphoma and multiple myeloma. Bone Marrow Transplant 49, 1323–1329 (2014). https://doi.org/10.1038/bmt.2014.155

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