Abstract
Current global scenario demands agricultural productivity of food grains to be kept at abreast with burgeoning population. Cereals constitute major food stuff for millennia and biofortification of new cereal varieties provides an opportunity to tackle global-scale malnutrition deficiencies without doing major shifts in the diets. Carotenoid biofortification in wheat grains has recently caught the attention of breeders owing to a myriad of health benefits offered by this micronutrient. Thinopyrum elongatum-derived PsyE1 gene encoding for Phytoene Synthase encoding Y gene, is a jackpot to enhance the carotenoid content in wheat. The present study is the first report deciphering detailed in silico characterization of Thinopyrum elongatum-derived PsyE1 gene and its protein. Promoter analysis of chloroplast localized PsyE1 gene provides clues about its possible role in stress resistance along with enhancing the carotenoid content in both durum and bread wheat. Homology, phylogeny and protein modelling studies of PsyE1 revealed its closer evolutionary relationship with barley and wheat, as well as provided a preliminary insight into catalytic and secondary structure of the protein. PCR validation of PsyE1 in 7D/7E bread wheat introgression lines further facilitated development of functional marker that could be used to track its introgression in elite bread wheat varieties. Overall, these detailed insilico insights into structure, function and validation of PsyE1 open doors for its deployment in to produce carotene biofortified hexaploid wheat through facilitating development of functional markers and MAS, as well as to elucidate its mechanism of action and regulation in response to external stimuli.
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Abbreviations
- Psy:
-
Phytoene synthase
- Y gene:
-
Yellow pigment gene; later recognized as PsyE1 gene
- PCR:
-
Polymerase chain reaction
- GYPC:
-
Grain yellow pigment content
- NCBI:
-
National center for biotechnology information
- QTL:
-
Quantitative trait loci
- Ils:
-
Introgression lines
- CDD:
-
Conserved domain database
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Acknowledgements
The authors are thankful for financial assistance received under the ad hoc project, “Addressing food security through nutritionally enriched improved cultivars and technologies for swasth bharat under PURSE program” funded by Department of Science & Technology, Govt. of India, grant number: SR/PURSE Phase 2/25(G), 28.09.2017.
Funding
Funding Agency: Department of Science & Technology, Govt. of India (partial funding) Award Number: DST file number SR/PURSE Phase 2/25(G), 28.09.2017. Recipient: Dr Achla Sharma.
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AKP, AS and PK conceived the theme of study. AKP, AS and RK did the wet lab marker analysis. AKP, BS, PK, SK and MS did the bioinformatics part of the study. AKP, PK, PS, HS, SK and AS drafted the manuscript. AS and SB provided overall guidance and edited the manuscript. All authors read and approved the final version of the manuscript.
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Padhy, A.K., Kaur, P., Singh, B. et al. In silico characterization of Thinopyrum elongatum-derived PsyE1 gene and validation in 7D/7E bread wheat introgression lines open avenues for carotenoid biofortification in wheat. CEREAL RESEARCH COMMUNICATIONS 51, 75–85 (2023). https://doi.org/10.1007/s42976-022-00279-w
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s42976-022-00279-w