Abstract
Corrosion poses a major threat to the safety of transportation pipelines. Therefore, it is crucial to have an in-depth understanding of corrosion mechanisms in pipeline steels for the effective management of pipeline integrity. Conducting research on corrosion mechanisms relies on the use of efficient and reliable corrosion monitoring and analysis techniques. The advancements in corrosion monitoring techniques specifically designed for the localized corrosion monitoring were aimed to be introduced, and a comprehensive overview of recent progress in understanding the localized corrosion mechanisms in pipeline steels was provided. Based on the different corrosive environments encountered, the localized corrosion issues inside pipelines are classified into two categories: localized corrosion primarily influenced by electrochemical processes and localized corrosion controlled by both electrochemical and mechanical factors. Additionally, a thorough analysis of the synergistic effects between micro-cell and macro-cell currents, as well as the interplay of mechanics and electrochemistry is presented. Finally, recommendations for future research on the mechanisms of internal localized corrosion in pipelines are provided.
![](http://media.springernature.com/m312/springer-static/image/art%3A10.1007%2Fs42243-024-01213-6/MediaObjects/42243_2024_1213_Fig1_HTML.png)
![](http://media.springernature.com/m312/springer-static/image/art%3A10.1007%2Fs42243-024-01213-6/MediaObjects/42243_2024_1213_Fig2_HTML.png)
![](http://media.springernature.com/m312/springer-static/image/art%3A10.1007%2Fs42243-024-01213-6/MediaObjects/42243_2024_1213_Fig3_HTML.png)
![](http://media.springernature.com/m312/springer-static/image/art%3A10.1007%2Fs42243-024-01213-6/MediaObjects/42243_2024_1213_Fig4_HTML.png)
![](http://media.springernature.com/m312/springer-static/image/art%3A10.1007%2Fs42243-024-01213-6/MediaObjects/42243_2024_1213_Fig5_HTML.png)
![](http://media.springernature.com/m312/springer-static/image/art%3A10.1007%2Fs42243-024-01213-6/MediaObjects/42243_2024_1213_Fig6_HTML.png)
![](http://media.springernature.com/m312/springer-static/image/art%3A10.1007%2Fs42243-024-01213-6/MediaObjects/42243_2024_1213_Fig7_HTML.png)
![](http://media.springernature.com/m312/springer-static/image/art%3A10.1007%2Fs42243-024-01213-6/MediaObjects/42243_2024_1213_Fig8_HTML.png)
![](http://media.springernature.com/m312/springer-static/image/art%3A10.1007%2Fs42243-024-01213-6/MediaObjects/42243_2024_1213_Fig9_HTML.png)
![](http://media.springernature.com/m312/springer-static/image/art%3A10.1007%2Fs42243-024-01213-6/MediaObjects/42243_2024_1213_Fig10_HTML.png)
Similar content being viewed by others
References
J.Q. **g, J. Guo, B. Li, S.J. Jia, Y. Ren, J. Iron. Steel Res. Int. 28 (2021) 1037–1046.
Z.G. Liu, Y.M. Wang, Y.D. Zhai, Y.X. Qiao, C.B. Zheng, D.P. Wang, X.L. Shi, H.H. Lu, C. Liu, Int. J. Hydrogen Energy 47 (2022) 33000–33013.
Z.B. Wang, L. Pang, Y.G. Zheng, Corros. Commun. 7 (2022) 70–81.
Z.W. Tan, L.Y. Yang, D.L. Zhang, Z.B. Wang, F. Cheng, M.Y. Zhang, Y.H. **, J. Mater. Sci. Technol. 49 (2020) 186–201.
M. Askari, M. Aliofkhazraei, S. Afroukhteh, J. Nat. Gas Sci. Eng. 71 (2019) 102971.
S. Wu, Z. Gao, D.H. **a, M. Wu, Y. Liu, W. Hu, Anti-Corros. Methods Mater. 68 (2021) 219–228.
M. Mahmoodian, C.Q. Li, J. Pet. Sci. Eng. 151 (2017) 434–438.
M. Wasim, M.B.B. Djukic, J. Nat. Gas Sci. Eng. 100 (2022) 104467.
J.B. Sun, W. Liu, W. Chang, Z.H. Zhang, Z.T. Li, T. Yu, M.X. Lu, Acta Metall. Sin. 45 (2009) 84–90.
J. Aguirre, M. Walczak, M. Rohwerder, Wear 438 (2019) 203053.
S.H. Mousavi Anijdan, G. Arab, M. Sabzi, M. Sadeghi, A.R. Eivani, H.R. Jafarian, J. Mater. Res. Technol. 15 (2021) 1–16.
M. Lv, Z. Li, M. Du, G. Li, J. Wang, T. Xu, Corros. Commun. 8 (2022) 58–69.
Z.Y. Liu, X.G. Li, C.W. Du, G.L. Zhai, Y.F. Cheng, Corros. Sci. 50 (2008) 2251–2257.
L. Zeng, G.A. Zhang, X.P. Guo, Corros. Sci. 85 (2014) 318–330.
A.H. Al-Moubaraki, I.B. Obot, Arabian J. Chem. 14 (2021) 103116.
I.B. Obot, J. Bio. Tribo. Corros. 7 (2021) 49.
H. Li, X. Liu, Y. Gao, S. Zhang, B. Wang, K. Tian, Eng. Struct. 302 (2024) 117412.
H. Ma, Z.X. Wang, Y. Liu, Y.X. Wang, T.F. Wang, Q.P. Zhang, Z.Y. Cui, J. Iron Steel Res. Int. 30 (2023) 2067–2079.
Y. Lu, H. **g, Y. Han, Z. Feng, L. Xu, Appl. Surf. Sci. 389 (2016) 609–622.
I.A. Chaves, R.E. Melchers, Corros. Sci. 53 (2011) 4026–4032.
F. Farelas, M. Galicia, B. Brown, S. Nesic, H. Castaneda, Corros. Sci. 52 (2010) 509–517.
Z. Belarbi, F. Farelas, M. Singer, S. Nešić, Corrosion 72 (2016) 1300–1310.
M.Y. Tan, Corros. Sci. 53 (2011) 1845–1864.
Y. Tan, N.N. Aung, T. Liu, Corros. Sci. 63 (2012) 379–386.
P. Refait, A.M. Grolleau, M. Jeannin, E. François, R. Sabot, Corros. Sci. 111 (2016) 583–595.
L. Shi, X. Yang, Y. Song, D. Liu, K. Dong, D. Shan, E.H. Han, J. Mater. Sci. Technol. 35 (2019) 1886–1893.
M.Y. Tan, Corros. Sci. 41 (1998) 229–247.
L. He, Y. Wang, Q. Zhang, X. Li, Y. Xu, Y. Huang, ACS Omega 8 (2023) 44013–44029.
Y.S. Zhu, Y.Z. Xu, M.Y. Wang, X.N. Wang, G. Liu, Y. Huang, Ocean Eng. 189 (2019) 106351.
M. Laleh, Y.Z. Xu, M.Y. Tan, Corros. Sci. 211 (2023) 110924.
Q.L. Zhang, J.J. Li, J.H. Liu, C.X. Yin, Y.X. Qi, J. Zhou, J. Electroanal. Chem. 945 (2023) 117680.
L.Y. Yang, D.L. Zhang, H.M. Fan, X.K. Fu, R.Z. Yan, Z.Y. Wei, H.L. Wu, Exp. Therm. Fluid Sci. 150 (2024) 111048.
Y.Z. Xu, M.Y. Tan, Corros. Sci. 139 (2018) 438–443.
Y.Z. Xu, M.Y. Tan, Corros. Sci. 151 (2019) 163–174.
L. Liu, Y.Z. Xu, Z.M. Wang, G.D. Li, X.N. Wang, Y. Huang, Measurement 183 (2021) 109797.
Y.Z. Xu, Y. Huang, X.N. Wang, X.Q. Lin, Sens. Actuators B-Chem. 224 (2016) 37–47.
L. Liu, Y.Z. Xu, C.B. Xu, X.N. Wang, Y. Huang, Wear 428 (2019) 328–339.
Z. Zhang, D. Hinkson, M. Singer, H. Wang, S. Ne-cssić, Corrosion 63 (2007) 1051–1062.
M. Singer, A. Camacho, B. Brown, S. Nešić, Corrosion 67 (2011) 085003-1–085003-16.
I. Jevremović, M. Singer, M. Achour, D. Blumer, T. Baugh, V. Misković-Stanković, S. Nešić, Corrosion 69 (2013) 186–192.
M.M. Islam, T. Pojtanabuntoeng, R. Gubner, Corros. Sci. 111 (2016) 139–150.
M. Singer, Corrosion 73 (2017) 1030–1055.
M. Wang, X. Zhao, S. Gao, Y. Zhu, Y. Zheng, Y. Huang, Y. Xu, Colloids Surf. A 684 (2024) 133252.
M. Singer, D. Hinkson, Z. Zhang, H. Wang, S. Nešić, Corrosion 69 (2013) 719–735.
M. Mayeedul Islam, T. Pojtanabuntoeng, R. Gubner, Corrosion 74 (2018) 588–598.
J. Amri, E. Gulbrandsen, R.P. Nogueira, Electrochim. Acta 54 (2009) 7338–7344.
M. Singer, J. Al-Khamis, S. Nesic, Corrosion 69 (2013) 624–638.
M.M. Islam, T. Pojtanabuntoeng, R. Gubner, B. Kinsella, Electrochim. Acta 390 (2021) 138880.
M.Y. Wang, M.Y. Tan, Y.S. Zhu, Y. Huang, Y.Z. Xu, npj Mater. Degrad. 7 (2023) 16.
Y.J. Tan, Y. Fwu, K. Bhardwaj, Corros. Sci. 53 (2011) 1254–1261.
G.Z. Meng, C. Zhang, Y.F. Cheng, Corros. Sci. 50 (2008) 3116–3122.
Y.Z. Xu, L.J. Yang, L.M. He, Y. Huang, X.N. Wang, Corros. Eng. Sci. Technol. 51 (2016) 606–620.
X. Wang, R.E. Melchers, Ocean Eng. 133 (2017) 231–243.
Y.L. Wu, D.P. Zhang, G.Y. Cai, X.X. Zhang, Z.H. Dong, Corros. Eng. Sci. Technol. 55 (2020) 708–720.
M.H. Sliem, E.M. Fayyad, A.M. Abdullah, N.A. Younan, N. Al-Qahtani, F.F. Nabhan, A. Ramesh, N. Laycock, M.P. Ryan, M. Maqbool, D. Arora, J. Pet. Sci. Eng. 204 (2021) 108752.
L. Wang, X. Guo, S. Dong, Y.X. Qiao, J. Chen, Z. Yan, R. Shu, L. **, Coatings 14 (2024) 68.
X. Wang, R.E. Melchers, J. Loss Prev. Process Ind. 45 (2017) 29–42.
L. Pang, Z.B. Wang, W. Emori, Y.G. Zheng, J. Mater. Eng. Perform. 30 (2021) 7552–7563.
Y.Z. Xu, Y.S. Zhu, L. Liu, L.M. He, X.N. Wang, Y. Huang, Mater. Corros. 68 (2017) 632–644.
Q. **ong, J.Y. Hu, C.R. Gu, M.Y. Feng, Z. Zhang, X.K. Zhong, Appl. Surf. Sci. 523 (2020) 146534.
J. Huang, B. Brown, Y.S. Choi, S. Nešić, in: NACE International Corrosion Conference Series (2011), Houston, Texas, USA, 2011, pp. 11260.
G.A. Zhang, N. Yu, L.Y. Yang, X.P. Guo, Corros. Sci. 86 (2014) 202–212.
L.M. He, Y.Z. Xu, X.N. Wang, Y. Huang, Corrosion 75 (2019) 1487–1501.
K. Alawadhi, M.J. Robinson, Corros. Eng. Sci. Technol. 46 (2013) 318–329.
Y. Ma, H. Dong, P. Li, B. Wu, L. Huang, L. Zhang, C. Li, J. Li, Corros. Sci. 211 (2023) 110912.
B.O. Okonkwo, H.L. Ming, J.Q. Wang, E.H. Han, E. Rahimi, A. Davoodi, S. Hosseinpour, J. Mater. Sci. Technol. 78 (2021) 38–50.
H. Kato, T.S. Eyre, B. Ralph, Surf. Eng. 10 (1994) 65–74.
C. García, S. Ceré, A. Durán, J. Non-Cryst. Solids 348 (2004) 218–224.
R.A. Castelli, P.D. Persans, W. Strohmayer, V. Parkinson, Corros. Sci. 49 (2007) 4396–4414.
J.Y. Zhu, L.N. Xu, Z.C. Feng, G.S. Frankel, M.X. Lu, W. Chang, Corros. Sci. 111 (2016) 391–403.
M. Montgomery, K.V. Dahl, J. Hald, Mater. Corros. 70 (2019) 585–592.
B.O. Okonkwo, H.L. Ming, Z.M. Zhang, J.Q. Wang, E. Rahimi, S. Hosseinpour, A. Davoodi, Corros. Sci. 154 (2019) 49–60.
X.H. Dou, Z.H. He, X.W. Zhang, Y.S. Liu, R. Liu, Z.W. Tan, D.L. Zhang, Y. Li, Colloid Surface A 665 (2023) 131225.
Y.S. Zhu, Y.Z. Xu, K.T. Li, X.N. Wang, G. Liu, Y. Huang, Measurement 138 (2019) 8–24.
N.Y. Zhang, D.Z. Zeng, Anti-Corros. Methods Mater. 66 (2019) 412–417.
M. Di Bonaventura, B. Brown, S. Nešić, M. Singer, Corrosion 75 (2019) 1183–1193.
Y.S. Zhu, Y.Z. Xu, S.D. Song, X.N. Wang, G. Liu, Y. Huang, Mater. Corros. 71 (2020) 1386–1399.
K.M. Usher, A.H. Kaksonen, I. Cole, D. Marney, Int. Biodeterior. Biodegrad. 93 (2014) 84–106.
R. Jia, T. Unsal, D.K. Xu, Y. Lekbach, T.Y. Gu, Int. Biodeterior. Biodegrad. 137 (2019) 42–58.
A. Spark, K. Wang, I. Cole, D. Law, L. Ward, Corros. Rev. 38 (2020) 231–262.
P. Liu, H.T. Zhang, Y.Q. Fan, D.K. Xu, Microorganisms 11 (2023) 2299.
G. Li, L. Wang, H. Wu, C. Liu, X. Wang, Z. Cui, Corros. Sci. 174 (2020) 108815.
Z.R. Ye, J. Yang, Z.B. Wang, X. Zhou, W.D. Jiang, R. Yi, X.D. Cui, Z.H. Zhao, J. Iron. Steel Res. Int. 30 (2023) 1879–1887.
J. Yang, Z.B. Wang, Y.X. Qiao, Y.G. Zheng, Corros. Sci. 199 (2022) 110210.
F. Tian, X.Y. He, X.Q. Bai, C.Q. Yuan, Int. Biodeterior. Biodegrad. 147 (2020) 104872.
B. Wei, J. Xu, C. Sun, Y.F. Cheng, J. Nat. Gas Sci. Eng. 102 (2022) 104581.
H.W. Liu, Y.F. Cheng, Electrochim. Acta 253 (2017) 368–378.
D.K. Xu, Y.C. Li, F.M. Song, T.Y. Gu, Corros. Sci. 77 (2013) 385–390.
E. Marsili, J.B. Rollefson, D.B. Baron, R.M. Hozalski, D.R. Bond, Appl. Environ. Microbiol. 74 (2008) 7329–7337.
Q. Qu, Y. He, L. Wang, H.T. Xu, L. Li, Y.J. Chen, Z.T. Ding, Corros. Sci. 91 (2015) 321–329.
H. Liu, C. Fu, T. Gu, G. Zhang, Y. Lv, H. Wang, H. Liu, Corros. Sci. 100 (2015) 484–495.
A.M. Homborg, C.F.L. Morales, T. Tinga, J.H.W. de Wit, J.M.C. Mol, Electrochim. Acta 136 (2014) 223–232.
S. Permeh, K. Lau, Mater. Corros. 74 (2022) 20–32.
Z.H. Dong, W. Shi, H.M. Ruan, G.A. Zhang, Corros. Sci. 53 (2011) 2978–2987.
H.W. Liu, X.K. Zhong, H.F. Liu, Y.F. Cheng, Electrochem. Commun. 90 (2018) 1–5.
Q.A.L. Manuel, R.O.J. Noé, D.A.Y. Del Rosario, A.J.I. Ariadna, G.F. Vicente, Z.P. Icoquih, Materials 13 (2020) 5771.
X. Yang, Q. Li, L. Song, Z. Liu, X. Li, J. Mater. Res. Technol. 24 (2023) 488–502.
S.A. Abubakar, S. Mori, J. Sumner, Metals 12 (2022) 1937.
L.W. Wang, J.M. Liang, H. Li, L.J. Cheng, Z.Y. Cui, Corros. Sci. 178 (2021) 109076.
M.A. Mohtadi-Bonab, Metals 9 (2019) 590.
T.R. Jack, M.J. Wilmott, Mater. Perform. 34 (1995) 19–22.
L.J. Qiao, J.L. Luo, X. Mao, J. Mater. Sci. Lett. 16 (1997) 516–520.
C. Zhang, H. Wang, Y. He, W. Zheng, Y. Wang, J. Mater. Res. Technol. 27 (2023) 4950–4961.
L.W. Wang, J.C. **n, L.J. Cheng, K. Zhao, B.Z. Sun, J.R. Li, X. Wang, Z.Y. Cui, Corros. Sci. 147 (2019) 108–127.
H.Q. Yang, Q. Zhang, S.S. Tu, Y. Wang, Y.M. Li, Y. Huang, Corros. Sci. 110 (2016) 1–14.
H.Y. Tian, Z.Y. Cui, H. Ma, P.L. Zhao, M.X. Yan, X. Wang, H.Z. Cui, Corros. Sci. 206 (2022) 110490.
Y.X. Qiao, Y. Qin, H.L. Zhou, L.L. Yang, X.J. Wang, Z.B. Wang, Z.G. Liu, J.S. Zou, Chin. J. Mech. Eng. 37 (2024) 2.
M. Zhu, C. Du, X. Li, Z. Liu, S. Wang, T. Zhao, J. Jia, J. Mater. Eng. Perform. 23 (2014) 1358–1365.
Z.Y. Cui, Z.Y. Liu, L.W. Wang, H.C. Ma, C.W. Du, X.G. Li, X. Wang, J. Mater. Eng. Perform. 24 (2015) 4400–4408.
D.X. Sun, D.N. Wang, L. Li, K. Gong, S. Ren, F. **e, M. Wu, Corros. Sci. 213 (2023) 110968.
V. Kain, Structural Integrity 86 (2014) 576–588.
G.V. Tomarov, A.A. Shipkov, Therm. Eng. 65 (2018) 493–503.
Y. Lu, Z. Guo, Z. Zheng, W. Wang, H. Wang, F. Zhou, X. Wang, Ocean Eng. 277 (2023) 114315.
J.C. Lu, Z.B. Wang, H.X. Hu, Y.G. Zheng, Corros. Sci. 227 (2024) 111716.
S. Jiang, F. Chai, H. Su, C. Yang, Corros. Sci. 123 (2017) 217–227.
G.A. Zhang, Y.F. Cheng, Corros. Sci. 52 (2010) 2716–2724.
Y. Utanohara, Y. Nagaya, A. Nakamura, M. Murase, Journal of Power, Energy Systems 6 (2012) 18–33.
X.K. Zhong, T. Shang, C.F. Zhang, J.Y. Hu, Z. Zhang, Q. Zhang, X. Yuan, D. Hou, D.Z. Zeng, T.H. Shi, J. Alloy. Compd. 824 (2020) 153947.
L. Liu, Y.Z. Xu, Y.S. Zhu, X.N. Wang, Y. Huang, J. Electrochem. Soc. 167 (2020) 141510.
H.X. Guo, B.T. Lu, J.L. Luo, Electrochim. Acta 51 (2005) 315–323.
H.X. Guo, B.T. Lu, J.L. Luo, Electrochem. Commun. 8 (2006) 1092–1098.
J. Owen, E. Ducker, M. Huggan, C. Ramsey, A. Neville, R. Barker, Wear 428 (2019) 76–84.
B.T. Lu, J.L. Luo, Electrochim. Acta 56 (2010) 559–565.
Y. Xu, Q. Zhang, Q. Zhou, S. Gao, B. Wang, X. Wang, Y. Huang, npj Mater. Degrad. 5 (2021) 56.
Q.L. Zhang, W.H. Jiang, Z.J. Wang, L.D. Wang, Y. Huang, Y.Z. Xu, Corrosion 79 (2023) 587–604.
J.G. Liu, W.L. BaKeDaShi, Z.L. Li, Y.Z. Xu, W.R. Ji, C. Zhang, G. Cui, R.Y. Zhang, Wear 376–377 (2017) 516–525.
Y.Z. Xu, Q.L. Zhang, H. Chen, Y. Huang, J. Mater. Res. Technol. 25 (2023) 6550–6566.
K. Liu, W. Jiang, W. Chen, L. Liu, Y. Xu, Y. Huang, Lubricants 10 (2022) 345.
Acknowledgements
This research is sponsored by the National Key R&D Program of China (No. 2022YFC2806200), the National Natural Science Foundation of China (No. 52001055) and the Open Foundation of State Key Laboratory of Structural Analysis for Industrial Equipment (GZ22118).
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding author
Ethics declarations
Conflict of interest
The authors declare that they have no known competing financial interests or personal relationships that could have appeared to influence the work reported in this paper.
Rights and permissions
Springer Nature or its licensor (e.g. a society or other partner) holds exclusive rights to this article under a publishing agreement with the author(s) or other rightsholder(s); author self-archiving of the accepted manuscript version of this article is solely governed by the terms of such publishing agreement and applicable law.
About this article
Cite this article
Wang, My., Yao, Hy., Liu, Yf. et al. Understanding and probing progression of localized corrosion on inner walls of steel pipelines: an overview. J. Iron Steel Res. Int. (2024). https://doi.org/10.1007/s42243-024-01213-6
Received:
Revised:
Accepted:
Published:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s42243-024-01213-6