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Repeated pre-training sleep restriction in adolescent rats impaired spatial performance

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Abstract

Chronic sleep deprivation (SD) is an overwhelming problem in young students. Firstly, we investigated whether different levels of pre-training SD had effects on spatial performance in adolescent rats. Rats were subjected to 2 or 4 h/day SD for 15 consecutive days. Morris water maze tests were conducted immediately after SD on experimental days 9–15. During the last 3 trials on the first training day, compared with their respective control animals, the rats with prior 4 h SD, but not 2 h SD, showed a significant reduction in percentage of the trials landing the platform without guidance (landing rate). During the whole 6 training days, the rats subjected to 4 h SD, not 2 h SD, spent longer time to locate the platform than the control rats did. In the probe test, the rats with 4 h SD and 2 h SD showed no significant difference with their respective control in time spent in the target quadrant and numbers of platform crossings. These results indicated that chronic prior 4 h SD, but not 2 h SD, impaired spatial acquisition capability in adolescent rats. Secondly, we explored whether huperzine A (Hup A), which has been proved to improve cognitive impairment in dementia, could prevent adolescent rats from chronic 4 h SD-induced learning decline. Hup A (0.1 mg/kg/day) was administered by gavage 30 min before the end of 4 h SD. With hup A treatment, the reduced landing rate was increased and the prolonged escape latency and distance were shortened, which suggested that hup A was promising in preventing the spatial cognitive deficits induced by repeated sleep restriction in adolescents.

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Acknowledgments

We are grateful to students of Shanghai Medical College of Fudan University **ang-Da Meng, Zheng-Liang Li, **ao-** Malin, Wan-Na Chen, Ren-Jie Wang, Jie Chen, Bu-Qing Liang, Yin Wang, and Lin Lin for their contributions to the experimental work. We thank professor Zhi-Li Huang, Department of Pharmacology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, State Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology and Institutes of Brain Science, Fudan University for his critical comments.

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    Authors and Affiliations

    1. Department of Pharmacology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Fudan University, 138 Yixueyuan Road, Box 229, Shanghai, 200032, China

      Su-Rong Yang, Huan-**n Sun, Zhen-Zhen Hu, Hui Sun & Chen-Bo Ye

    2. Shanghai Medical College of Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032, China

      Si-Heng Wang & Yin-Jia Xue

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    Author Su-Rong Yang declares that she has no conflict of interest. Author Huan-**n Sun declares that she has no conflict of interest. Author Zhen-zhen Hu declares that she has no conflict of interest. Author Si-Heng Wang declares that he has no conflict of interest. Author Hui Sun declares that she has no conflict of interest. Author Yin-Jia Xue declares that he has no conflict of interest. Author Chen-Bo Ye declares that he has no conflict of interest.

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    This was not an industry supported study. None of the authors has any financial interest or conflicts of interest related to this work.

    Ethical approval

    Experimental protocols were approved by the Shanghai Medical Experimental Animal Administrative Committee.

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    This study was supported by National Natural Science Foundation of China (81571296), Shanghai Committee of Science and Technology (11ZR1402000), and Shanghai Leading Academic Discipline Project (B119).

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    S.-R. Yang, H.-X. Sun, and Z.-Z. Hu contributed equally to this work.

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    Yang, SR., Sun, HX., Hu, ZZ. et al. Repeated pre-training sleep restriction in adolescent rats impaired spatial performance. Sleep Biol. Rhythms 15, 57–65 (2017). https://doi.org/10.1007/s41105-016-0080-8

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