Abstract
The surface roughness is an important feature of rock joints. Its effect on the mechanical properties of joints is significant in characterizing dynamic failure of natural rock masses. Both laboratory experiments and numerical simulation analysis were conducted to investigate the dynamic fracturing of roughly jointed granite under various loading rates. The modified split Hopkinson pressure bar apparatus with square-shaped bars and an in-house 3D hybrid finite-discrete element method are used in this study. One surface of the specimens with three striped trapezoidal bulges was adopted to simulate the artificially rough joint. The striped bulges are centrally arranged in the middle of joint surface to minimize the influence of specimen boundary on cracking process. The test results revealed that the surface roughness has a significant effect on dominating dynamic fracturing behaviors of jointed rock and loading rate affects the dynamic response and fracture patterns of these jointed rocks. The simulation further illustrated the dynamic stress propagation and corresponding fracturing process of the roughly jointed granite under dynamic loading. Additionally, the effect of free boundary of the specimens and joint contact properties on fracturing behavior of jointed rocks are numerically analyzed. These findings from both the dynamic experiments and numerical modelings are expected to provide fundamental knowledge for understanding the dynamic properties of natural jointed rock masses.
Similar content being viewed by others
References
Zou CJ, Wong LNY (2014) Experimental studies on cracking processes and failure in marble under dynamic loading. Eng Geol 173:19–31. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.enggeo.2014.02.003
Li DY, Han ZY, Sun XL, Zhou T, Li XB (2019) Dynamic mechanical properties and fracturing behavior of marble specimens containing single and double flaws in SHPB tests. Rock Mech Rock Eng 52:1623–1643. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00603-018-1652-5
Zou CJ, Maruvanchery V, Zhao XB, He L (2021) Change of crack mode in rock cracking process under quasi-static and dynamic loadings. Geomech Geophys Geo-Energy Geo-Resour 8:20. https://doi.org/10.1007/s40948-021-00313-x
Shu P, Li H, Wang T, Ueng T (2018) Dynamic strength of rock with single planar joint under various loading rates at various angles of loads applied. J Rock Mech Geotech Eng 10:545–554. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jrmge.2018.01.005
Li DY, Han ZY, Zhu QQ, Zhang Y, Ranjith PG (2019) Stress wave propagation and dynamic behavior of red sandstone with single bonded planar joint at various angles. Int J Rock Mech Min Sci 117:162–170. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijrmms.2019.03.011
Barton N (1978) Suggested methods for the quantitative description of discontinuities in rock masses: international Society for Rock Mechanics. Int J Rock Mech Min Sci Geomech Abstr 15:319–368. https://doi.org/10.1016/0148-9062(79)91476-1
Zhao J (1997) Joint surface matching and shear strength part a: joint matching coefficient (JMC). Int J Rock Mech Min Sci 34:173–178. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0148-9062(96)00062-9
Ju Y, Sudak L, **e H (2007) Study on stress wave propagation in fractured rocks with fractal joint surfaces. Int J Solids Struct 44:4256–4271. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijsolstr.2006.11.015
Li JC, Li NN, Li HB, Zhao J (2017) An SHPB test study on wave propagation across rock masses with different contact area ratios of joint. Int J Impact Eng 105:109–116. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijimpeng.2016.12.011
Li JC, Rong LF, Li HB, Hong SN (2019) An SHPB test study on stress wave energy attenuation in jointed rock masses. Rock Mech Rock Eng 52:403–420. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00603-018-1586-y
Li JC, Yuan W, Li HB, Zou CJ (2022) Study on dynamic shear deformation behaviors and test methodology of sawtooth-shaped rock joints under impact load. Int J Rock Mech Min Sci 158:105210. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijrmms.2022.105210
Su H, Jiang Y, Yu L, Wang W, Guo Q (2022) Dynamic fracture and deformation responses of rock mass specimens containing 3D printing rough joint subjected to impact loading. Geomech Geophys Geo-Energy Geo-Resour 8:186. https://doi.org/10.1007/s40948-022-00501-3
Yuan W, Li JC, Zheng YL, Wang ZJ (2023) Experimental study on shear characteristics of a rock joint subjected to dynamic shear load. Rock Mech Rock Eng. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00603-023-03692-7
Zhao GF, Khalili N, Fang JD, Zhao J (2012) A coupled distinct lattice spring model for rock failure under dynamic loads. Comput Geotech 42:1–20. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.compgeo.2011.12.006
Fan LF, Yi XW, Ma GW (2013) Numerical manifold method (NMM) simulation of stress wave propagation through fractured rock mass. Int J Appl Mech 05:1350022. https://doi.org/10.1142/S1758825113500221
Zhu JB, Zhao GF, Zhao XB, Zhao J (2011) Validation study of the distinct lattice spring model (DLSM) on P-wave propagation across multiple parallel joints. Comput Geotech 38:298–304. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.compgeo.2010.12.002
Li X, Zhang QB, He L, Zhao J (2017) Particle-based numerical manifold method to model dynamic fracture process in rock blasting. Int J Geomech 17:E4016014. https://doi.org/10.1061/(ASCE)GM.1943-5622.0000748
Zhao GF, Lian JJ, Russell Adrian R, Zhao J (2017) Three-dimensional DDA and DLSM coupled approach for rock cutting and rock penetration. Int J Geomech 17:E4016015. https://doi.org/10.1061/(ASCE)GM.1943-5622.0000754
Munjiza A, Owen DRJ, Bicanic N (1995) A combined finite-discrete element method in transient dynamics of fracturing solids. Eng Comput 12:145–174. https://doi.org/10.1108/02644409510799532
An HM, Liu HY, Han H, Zheng X, Wang XG (2017) Hybrid finite-discrete element modelling of dynamic fracture and resultant fragment casting and muck-piling by rock blast. Comput Geotech 81:322–345. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.compgeo.2016.09.007
Han HY, Fukuda D, Liu HY, Fathi Salmi E, Sellers E, Liu TJ et al (2021) Combined finite-discrete element modellings of rockbursts in tunnelling under high in-situ stresses. Comput Geotech 137:104261. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.compgeo.2021.104261
Liu HY, Kang YM, Lin P (2015) Hybrid finite–discrete element modeling of geomaterials fracture and fragment muck-piling. Int J Geotech Eng 9:115–131. https://doi.org/10.1179/1939787913Y.0000000035
Rougier E, Knight EE, Broome ST, Sussman AJ, Munjiza A (2014) Validation of a three-dimensional finite-discrete element method using experimental results of the split Hopkinson pressure bar test. Int J Rock Mech Min Sci 70:101–108. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijrmms.2014.03.011
Fukuda D, Mohammadnejad M, Liu H, Dehkhoda S, Chan A, Cho SH et al (2019) Development of a GPGPU-parallelized hybrid finite-discrete element method for modeling rock fracture. Int J Numer Anal Methods Geomech 43:1797–1824. https://doi.org/10.1002/nag.2934
Fukuda D, Cho SH, Min GJ, Liu HY, Kodama K, Fujii F (2021) Development of a 3D dynamic fracture process analysis code to simulate intermediate loading rate. IOP Conf Ser Earth Environ Sci. https://doi.org/10.1088/1755-1315/861/4/042075
Mohammadnejad M, Fukuda D, Liu HY, Dehkhoda S, Chan A (2020) GPGPU-parallelized 3D combined finite–discrete element modelling of rock fracture with adaptive contact activation approach. Comput Part Mech 7:849–867. https://doi.org/10.1007/s40571-019-00287-4
Fukuda D, Mohammadnejad M, Liu H, Zhang Q, Zhao J, Dehkhoda S et al (2019) Development of a 3D hybrid finite-discrete element simulator based on GPGPU-parallelized computation for modelling rock fracturing under quasi-static and dynamic loading conditions. Rock Mech Rock Eng 53:1079–1112. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00603-019-01960-z
Fukuda D, Liu H, Zhang Q, Zhao J, Kodama J-i, Fujii Y et al (2021) Modelling of dynamic rock fracture process using the finite-discrete element method with a novel and efficient contact activation scheme. Int J Rock Mech Min Sci 138:104645. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijrmms.2021.104645
Liu K, Zhang QB, Wu G, Li JC, Zhao J (2019) Dynamic mechanical and fracture behaviour of dandstone under multiaxial loads using a triaxial Hopkinson bar. Rock Mech Rock Eng 52:2175–2195. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00603-018-1691-y
Dai F, Huang S, **a K, Tan Z (2010) Some fundamental issues in dynamic compression and tension tests of rocks using split Hopkinson pressure bar. Rock Mech Rock Eng 43:657–666. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00603-010-0091-8
Yang Z, Lo S, Di C (2001) Reassessing the joint roughness coefficient(JRC) estimation using Z2. Rock Mech Rock Eng 34:243–251. https://doi.org/10.1007/s006030170012
Munjiza A, Knight E, Rougier E (2012) Computatioanl mechanics of discontinua. John Wiley & Sons, Led
Zhao J, Cai JG, Zhao XB, Li HB (2008) Dynamic model of fracture normal behaviour and application to prediction of stress wave attenuation across fractures. Rock Mech Rock Eng 41:671–693. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00603-006-0127-2
Li XF, Li HB, Zhang QB, Jiang JL, Zhao J (2018) Dynamic fragmentation of rock material: characteristic size, fragment distribution and pulverization law. Eng Fract Mech 199:739–759. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.engfracmech.2018.06.024
Oh S, Min G, Park S, Kim M, Obara Y, Cho S (2019) Anisotropic influence of fracture toughness on loading rate dependency for granitic rocks. Eng Fract Mech 221:106677. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.engfracmech.2019.106677
Wang S, Li J, Li X, He L (2022) Dynamic photoelastic experimental study on the influence of joint surface geometrical property on wave propagation and stress disturbance. Int J Rock Mech Min Sci 149:104985. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijrmms.2021.104985
Hopkins DL (2000) The implications of joint deformation in analyzing the properties and behavior of fractured rock masses, underground excavations, and faults. Int J Rock Mech Min Sci 37:175–202. https://doi.org/10.1016/S1365-1609(99)00100-8
Yan YT, Li JC, Li X (2022) Dynamic viscoelastic model for rock joints under compressive loading. Int J Rock Mech Min Sci 154:105123. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijrmms.2022.105123
Acknowledgements
This work was supported by National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant. Nos, 42220104007, 41831281).
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding author
Ethics declarations
Conflict of interest
All authors declare no conflict of interest for the publication of this manuscript.
Additional information
Publisher's Note
Springer Nature remains neutral with regard to jurisdictional claims in published maps and institutional affiliations.
Rights and permissions
Springer Nature or its licensor (e.g. a society or other partner) holds exclusive rights to this article under a publishing agreement with the author(s) or other rightsholder(s); author self-archiving of the accepted manuscript version of this article is solely governed by the terms of such publishing agreement and applicable law.
About this article
Cite this article
Yan, Y., Li, J., Fukuda, D. et al. Experimental and numerical studies on dynamic fracturing behavior of roughly jointed rock. Comp. Part. Mech. (2024). https://doi.org/10.1007/s40571-023-00700-z
Received:
Revised:
Accepted:
Published:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s40571-023-00700-z