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The Impact of Non-dopaminergic Medication on Quality of Life in Parkinson’s Disease

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Abstract

Background and Objectives

Quality of life (QoL) in Parkinson’s disease (PD) depends on multiple factors. Due to PD treatment and accompanying, age-related or independent comorbidities, pill burden is often high. The relation of QoL and pharmacotherapy for comorbidities in PD has not been widely studied. This study investigated if and to what extent non-dopaminergic drugs are related to QoL in PD. Second, the impact of demographics and non-motor symptoms were evaluated. A better understanding of the impact of different non-dopaminergic drugs and polypharmacy on QoL will have added value in selecting appropriate (medication) interventions.

Methods

In a cross-sectional analysis, medication prescription data of 209 PD patients were analyzed and grouped according to the Rx-Risk comorbidity index. QoL was measured using the PDQ-39 questionnaire. Non-motor symptoms were analyzed with the Non-Motor Symptoms questionnaire. Independent factors associated with a reduced QoL were identified with a multivariate linear regression analysis.

Results

Non-dopaminergic drugs, subdivided into Rx-Risk comorbidity categories, were not associated with reduced QoL, except for the use of anti-epileptic drugs. However, using more daily non-dopaminergic drugs was also negatively associated with QoL, as well as female sex, increased PD severity, and more non-motor symptoms. Contraindicated non-dopaminergic medication was barely prescribed (0.4%).

Conclusion

Non-dopaminergic drugs are frequently prescribed, and higher numbers are associated with impaired QoL in PD. However, when divided in drug types, only anti-epileptic drugs were negatively associated with QoL. In these patients, physicians might improve QoL by further optimizing the condition it was prescribed for (e.g., pain or anxiety), or managing of side effects.

Trial registration

Netherlands Trial Register; NL4360.

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Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Neurology, Medisch Spectrum Twente, Enschede, The Netherlands

    Nicol G. M. Oonk & Lucille D. A. Dorresteijn

  2. Department of Clinical Pharmacy, Medisch Spectrum Twente, Enschede, The Netherlands

    Kris L. L. Movig

  3. Department of Epidemiology, Medisch Spectrum Twente, Enschede, The Netherlands

    Job van der Palen

  4. Department of Research Methodology, Measurement, and Data Analysis, University of Twente, Enschede, The Netherlands

    Job van der Palen

  5. Department of Neurology, Ziekenhuis Groep Twente, Almelo, The Netherlands

    Henk-Willem Nijmeijer

  6. Department of Neurology, Isala, Zwolle, The Netherlands

    Mirjam E. van Kesteren

Authors
  1. Nicol G. M. Oonk
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  2. Kris L. L. Movig
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  3. Job van der Palen
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  4. Henk-Willem Nijmeijer
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  6. Lucille D. A. Dorresteijn
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Corresponding author

Correspondence to Nicol G. M. Oonk.

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Funding

This work was supported by the Royal Dutch Pharmacists Association, The Hague, the Netherlands. This funding had no role in the analysis or interpretation of the results in this study.

Conflict of interest

All authors declare that they have no conflicts of interest.

Ethics approval

The study was performed in accordance with the principles of the Declaration of Helsinki. Ethical approval for this study was provided by the Medical Ethical Review Board Twente, the Netherlands (reference number NL48661.044.14).

Consent to participate

Written informed consent was obtained from all participants.

Consent for publication

Not applicable

Data availability

The datasets generated during and/or analyzed during the current study are available from the corresponding author on reasonable request.

Code availability

Not applicable

Author contributions

Study conception and design: NO, KM, JvdP, LD. Acquisition of data: NO, HWN, MvK, LD. Analysis and interpretation of data: NO, KM, JvdP, LD. Drafting of the manuscript: NO, KM, JvdP, LD. Critical revision: HWN, MvK.

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Oonk, N.G.M., Movig, K.L.L., van der Palen, J. et al. The Impact of Non-dopaminergic Medication on Quality of Life in Parkinson’s Disease. Clin Drug Investig 41, 809–816 (2021). https://doi.org/10.1007/s40261-021-01064-z

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