Abstract
To improve the Quality of Services (QoS) which further increases customer usage in WSN-based applications, it is obligatory to use suitable algorithms at the network layer to ensure optimized performance concerning network lifetime, energy consumed, and throughput of a WSN. One such algorithm can be the evolutionary algorithm i.e., genetic algorithm, in this work it is proposed that for the optimization of QoS Cluster-Tree based Genetic Algorithm (CT-GA) is used. Applications such as IoT-based smart environments can be created using such algorithms. This proposed algorithm offers services which are enhanced, the results obtained for services here are energy consumed (.004–009 J), network lifetime (100 iterations) and throughput (1700kbs).
![](http://media.springernature.com/m312/springer-static/image/art%3A10.1007%2Fs40031-024-01100-4/MediaObjects/40031_2024_1100_Fig1_HTML.png)
![](http://media.springernature.com/m312/springer-static/image/art%3A10.1007%2Fs40031-024-01100-4/MediaObjects/40031_2024_1100_Fig2_HTML.png)
![](http://media.springernature.com/m312/springer-static/image/art%3A10.1007%2Fs40031-024-01100-4/MediaObjects/40031_2024_1100_Fig3_HTML.png)
![](http://media.springernature.com/m312/springer-static/image/art%3A10.1007%2Fs40031-024-01100-4/MediaObjects/40031_2024_1100_Fig4_HTML.png)
![](http://media.springernature.com/m312/springer-static/image/art%3A10.1007%2Fs40031-024-01100-4/MediaObjects/40031_2024_1100_Fig5_HTML.png)
Similar content being viewed by others
References
R.K. Karne, D. Prasad, U. Naseem, A. Battula, K.K. Vaigandla, Genetic algorithm for wireless sensor networks. Int. J. Eng. Appl. Sci. Technol. 6, 97–103 (2021)
M. Ahmad, B. Shah, A. Ullah, F. Moreira, O. Alfandi, G. Ali, A. Hameed, Optimal clustering in wireless sensor networks for the internet of things based on memetic algorithm: memeWSN. Wirel. Commun. Mobile Comput. 2021(1), 8875950 (2021). https://doi.org/10.1155/2021/8875950
M. Lino, E. Leão, A. Soares, C. Montez, F. Vasques, R. Moraes, Dynamic reconfiguration of cluster-tree wireless sensor networks to handle communication overloads in disaster-related situations. Sensors 20(17), 4707 (2020). https://doi.org/10.3390/s20174707
L. Bhask, C R. Yamuna Devi. Performance analysis of CC- LEACH", published in the Journal High Technology Letters 28 (7): 346–354 Impact factor. -2.7 and year of publication 2022 published by HTL Journal with https://doi.org/10.37896/HTL28.07/6133
Bhaskar, L., & Yamuna Devi, C. R. (2023). Performance Analysis of Classic LEACH Versus CC-LEACH. In Comput Vision and Robot: Proc of CVR 2022 (pp. 75-83). Singapore: Springer Nature Singapore. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-19-7892-0_7
S. Boubiche, D.E. Boubiche, A. Bilami, H. Toral-Cruz, Big data challenges and data aggregation strategies in wireless sensor Networks. IEEE access 6, 20558–20571 (2018). https://doi.org/10.1109/ACCESS.2018.2821445
V. Pal, G. Singh, R.P. Yadav, Cluster head selection optimization based on genetic algorithm to prolong lifetime of wireless sensor Networks. Procedia Comput. Sci. 57, 1417–1423 (2015). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.procs.2015.07.46
S. Rajanarayanan, Dr. C. Suresh Gnana Dhas. Data Aggregation Technique using Genetic Algorithm., Aust. J. Basic Appl. Sci. 9(10): 187–194 (2015)
M. Baskaran, C. Sadagopan, Synchronous firefly algorithm for cluster head selection in WSN. The Sci. World J. 2015(1), 780879 (2015). https://doi.org/10.1155/2015/780879
D.S. Hussain, O. Islam, Genetic algorithm for energy-efficient trees in wireless sensor networks. Adv. Intel. Environ. (2009). https://doi.org/10.1007/978-0-387-76485-6
A. Norouzi, A.H. Zaim, Genetic algorithm application in optimization of wireless sensor networks. The Sci. World Journal 2014(1), 286575 (2014). https://doi.org/10.1155/2014/286575
A. Norouzi, F.S. Babamir, A.H. Zaim, A New clustering protocol for wireless sensor networks using genetic algorithm approach. Wirel. Sens. Netw. 3(11), 362–370 (2011). https://doi.org/10.4236/wsn.2011.311042
V. Pal, G. Singh, R.P. Yadav, Cluster head selection optimization based on genetic algorithm to prolong lifetime of wireless sensor networks. Procedia Comput. Sci. 57, 1417–1423 (2015). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.procs.2015.07.461
H. Pakdel, R. Fotohi, A firefly algorithm for power management in wireless sensor networks (WSNs). J. Supercomput. 77, 1–22 (2021). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11227-021-03639-1
M. Alrashidi, N. Nasri, S. Khediri, A. Kachouri, Energy-efficiency clustering and data collection for wireless sensor networks in industry 4.0. J. Ambient Intelli Humaniz. Comput. 3, 1–8 (2020). https://doi.org/10.1007/s12652-020-02146-0
R. Fotohi, S. Firoozi Bari, A novel countermeasure technique to protect WSN against denial-of-sleep attacks using firefly and Hopfield neural network (HNN) algorithms. J. Supercomput. 76, 6860–6886 (2020). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11227-019-03131-x
A.H. Sodhro, L. Zongwei, S. Pirbhulal, A.K. Sangaiah, S. Lohano, G.H. Sodhro, Power-management strategies for medical information transmission in wireless body sensor networks. IEEE Consum. Electron. Magazine 9(2), 47–51 (2020). https://doi.org/10.1109/MCE.2019.2954053
D.S. Hussain, O. Islam. Genetic. Algorithm for Energy-Efficient Trees in Wireless Sensor Networks. Kameas, A., Callagan, V., Hagras, H., Weber, M., Minker, W. (eds) Advanced Intelligent Environments. Springer, Boston, MA. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-0-387-76485-6_7
Thippeswamy B., Reshma, S, Shaila KKR, Venugopal k. Iyengar S Patnaik, Lalit M. DOCR: Energy Density On-demand Clust. Routing in Wirel. Sens. Netw. International Journal of Computer Networks & Communications. 6 https://doi.org/10.5121/ijcnc.2014.6115.
S. Katoch, S.S. Chauhan, V. Kumar, A review on genetic algorithm: past, present, and future. Multimedia Tools Appl 80, 8091–8126 (2021). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11042-020-10139-6
I. Jannoud, Y. Jaradat, M.Z. Masoud, A. Manasrah, M. Alia, The role of genetic algorithm selection operators in extending wsn stability period: a comparative Study. Electronics 11(1), 28 (2021). https://doi.org/10.3390/electronics11010028
M.N. Barathy, Two-level data aggregation for WMSNs employing a novel VBEAO and HOSVD. Comput. Commu. 149, 194–213 (2020). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.comcom.2019.10.013
L. Xue, Y. Liu, Y. Shen, X. Huang, K.S. Kwak, Resource configuration for minimizing source energy consumption in multi-carrier networks with energy harvesting relay and data-rate guarantee. Comput. Commun. 149, 121–133 (2020). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.comcom.2019.09.022
J.N. Al-Karaki, R. Ul-Mustafa, A.E. Kamal, Data aggregation and routing in Wireless Sensor Networks: Optimal and heuristic algorithms. Comput. Netw. 53(7), 945–960 (2009). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.comnet.2008.12.001
Funding
The authors declare that no funds, grants, or other support were received during the preparation of this manuscript.
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Contributions
The first draft of the manuscript was written by Lakshmi Bhaskar (author 1) and other author (author 2) commented on previous versions of the manuscript. All authors read and approved the final manuscript.
Corresponding author
Ethics declarations
Competing interests
The authors have no relevant financial or non-financial interests to disclose.
Additional information
Publisher's Note
Springer Nature remains neutral with regard to jurisdictional claims in published maps and institutional affiliations.
Rights and permissions
Springer Nature or its licensor (e.g. a society or other partner) holds exclusive rights to this article under a publishing agreement with the author(s) or other rightsholder(s); author self-archiving of the accepted manuscript version of this article is solely governed by the terms of such publishing agreement and applicable law.
About this article
Cite this article
Bhaskar, L., Devi, C.R.Y. Modified Genetic Algorithm Approach for Enhancement of WSN Services. J. Inst. Eng. India Ser. B (2024). https://doi.org/10.1007/s40031-024-01100-4
Received:
Accepted:
Published:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s40031-024-01100-4