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Impedimetric sensor for iron (III) detection based on small molecule (E)-2-((phenylimino)methyl) phenol-modified platinum electrode

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Abstract

The critical role of ferric ions in biological system and health impact posed to humans due to related toxicity caused by the consumption of iron-contaminated drinking water or food, as well as exposure to the other environmental sector, needs a sensitive method for the determination of these ions in various domains such us medical uses, biological and environmental samples. Herein, a novel impedimetric sensor based on the bases Schiff molecule, (E)-2-((phenylimino)methyl) phenol (E-PNMP), was investigated for the quantification of ferric ions. The ability to recognize ferric ions with E-PNMP was characterized by UV–Vis, which indicated that we obtained a complex E-PNMP/Fe3+ with a stoichiometry (1:2). The E-PNMP-modified electrode was characterized by electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS). Under the optimal conditions, the proposed impedimetric sensor exhibits a limit of detection of 2.49 × 10–12 M in the range of concentration from 10–12 to 10–5 M. Thus, the investigated impedimetric sensor showed high sensibility, selectivity, reproducibility, and repeatability. A Pt/E-PNMP electrode was successfully applied for the determination of iron (III) in a real sample. Furthermore, to better understand the sensing mechanism of E-PNMP/iron, a computational study with DFT was conducted using the B3LYP functional and the 6311++G (d, p) basis set. The theoretical studies confirmed the formation of the complex Fe3+: E-PNMP 2 with high stability.

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Acknowledgements

Financial support of this research was received from the Ministry of Higher Education and Scientific Research of Tunisia

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Laboratory of Advanced Materials and Interfaces (LIMA), Faculty of Sciences of Monastir (FSM), University of Monastir, Avenue of the Environment, 5000, Monastir, Tunisia

    Nadhem Moulahi, Marwa Chaabene & Rafik Ben Chaabane

  2. NANOMISENE Lab, LR16CRMN01, Centre for Research on Microelectronics and Nanotechnology CRMN of Technopark of Sousse, B.P. 334, 4034, Sahloul, Sousse, Tunisia

    Mosaab Echabaane

  3. Research Unit Materials and Organic Synthesis (UR17ES31), Preparatory Institute for Engineering Studies of Monastir, University of Monastir, Avenue of the Environment, 5000, Monastir, Tunisia

    Mohamed Hassen V. Baouab

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  1. Nadhem Moulahi
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Moulahi, N., Echabaane, M., Chaabene, M. et al. Impedimetric sensor for iron (III) detection based on small molecule (E)-2-((phenylimino)methyl) phenol-modified platinum electrode. J IRAN CHEM SOC 20, 1427–1438 (2023). https://doi.org/10.1007/s13738-023-02767-0

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