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Effects of fasting proinsulin/fasting insulin, proinsulin/insulin, vitamin D3, and waistline on diabetes prediction among the Chinese Han population

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Abstract

Background

Fasting proinsulin/fasting insulin, proinsulin/insulin, vitamin D3, and waistline are each associated with the risk of diabetes. The aim of this study was to explore the effects of fasting proinsulin/fasting insulin, proinsulin/insulin, vitamin D3, and waistline on diabetes prediction in the Chinese Han population.

Methods

Our study consisted of 490 subjects with glucose metabolism dysfunction (GMD) and 770 healthy subjects. Spearman’s correlation analysis was used to assess the relationship of clinical characteristics with prediabetes. Receiver operation characteristic (ROC) curve analysis was used to identify the diagnostics value in diagnosing prediabetes.

Results

Our study indicated that fasting proinsulin/fasting insulin, vitamin D3, and waistline were positively associated with prediabetes. Fasting proinsulin/fasting insulin (OR = 1.73, p = 0.002), vitamin D3 (OR = 1.02, p < 0.001), and waistline (OR = 1.04, p < 0.001) were significantly related to an increased risk of prediabetes. Stratified analyses results showed that fasting proinsulin/fasting insulin (odds ratio [OR] = 2.51, p = 0.001), vitamin D3 (OR = 1.02, p = 0.043), and waistline (OR = 1.03, p = 0.006) had a strong association with prediabetes in men, while only vitamin D3 (OR = 1.03, p < 0.001) and waistline (OR = 1.05, p < 0.001) were strongly related to prediabetes risk in women. ROC curve analysis results revealed that the area under the curve (0.936, p < 0.001) and sensitivity (100%) in combination of the fasting proinsulin/fasting insulin, proinsulin/true insulin, vitamin D3, and waistline provided a better diagnostic value of than either parameter alone.

Conclusion

The fasting proinsulin/fasting insulin, vitamin D3, and waistline showed a strong association with an increased risk of prediabetes. The combination of fasting proinsulin/ fasting insulin, proinsulin/true insulin, vitamin D3, and waistline provides a helpful diagnostic indicator for diagnosing prediabetes in the Chinese Han population.

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Acknowledgments

We sincerely thank all participants in this study.

Funding

This study was supported by the National Key Research and Development Program of China (2016YFC1305000, 2016YFC1305001, and 2018YFC1315603), the National Natural Science Foundation of China (81820108007), and Hainan Provincial Key Research and Development Project (ZDYF2018130).

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Metabolism & Endocrinology, The Second **angya Hospital, Central South University, No. 139, Renmin Middle Road, Furong District, Changsha, 410011, Hunan Province, China

    Huibiao Quan & Zhiguang Zhou

  2. Department of Endocrinology, Hainan General Hospital, Haikou, 570311, Hainan, China

    Huibiao Quan, Tuanyu Fang, Leweihua Lin, Lu Lin, Qianying Ou, Huachuan Zhang & Kaining Chen

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  1. Huibiao Quan
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Correspondence to Zhiguang Zhou.

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Ethical approval

Before the start of the study, all individuals provided written informed consents in compliance with the World Medical Association ethics policy. The study protocol was approved by the Ethics Committee of the Hainan Provincial People’s Hospital.

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Quan, H., Fang, T., Lin, L. et al. Effects of fasting proinsulin/fasting insulin, proinsulin/insulin, vitamin D3, and waistline on diabetes prediction among the Chinese Han population. Int J Diabetes Dev Ctries 42, 218–226 (2022). https://doi.org/10.1007/s13410-021-00983-z

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