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Energy analysis and carbon dioxide mitigation potential of biomass-driven combined power, cooling, and cooking systems for rural applications

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Abstract

Biomass-powered combined power, cooling, and cooking system (CPCC) is a novel approach towards the green energy tri-generation system which offers an alternative solution to the use of fast-depleting fossil fuels and harmful carbon emissions into the environment. This system consists of a downdraft biomass gasifier a thermochemical conversion unit, an internal combustion (IC) engine for generating green electricity, a refrigeration cooling system for storing perishable items, and a commercial burner for community cooking applications. This research article investigates the theoretical performance of a proposed CPCC system integrated with three comparative units of vapor absorption, adsorption, and compression refrigeration systems. From the findings of the energy and carbon dioxide mitigation potential analysis, adsorption-integrated CPCC system suits as the best operating unit in pollution-free hilly regions. Besides, a sustainability approach is performed using energy, emergy, life cycle assessment, and techno-economic analysis tools for the capacities of 20 kW of electricity generation, 12.5 kW for refrigeration cooling (~ 3.5 TR), and 10 kW of the cooking burner based on their energy demands in the targeted region. With all these considerations the best-opted adsorption-integrated CPCC system resulted with 66.73% efficiency, 5712.263 MT yr−1 of carbon dioxide emission, 5.85 years of payback period, and lower emissions in emergy analysis and life cycle assessments, respectively.

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Abbreviations

CC:

Capital cost

CCHP:

Combined cooling, heating, and power system

CHP:

Combined heat and power

CI:

Combustion ignition

CO:

Carbon monoxide

COP:

Coefficient of performance

CPCC:

Combined power generation, cooling, and cooking

CO2 :

Carbon dioxide

Eq.:

Equation

G:

Gram

HHV:

Higher heating value

IC:

Internal combustion engine

J :

Joule

kCal:

Kilocalories

kg:

Kilogram

kW:

Kilowatt

LPG:

Liquified petroleum gas

LHV:

Lower heating value

MJ:

Megajoule

MW:

Megawatt

MT:

Metric ton

PB:

Payback period

ppm:

Parts per million

s:

Seconds

SeJ:

Solar emijoules

V:

Valve

y:

Year

$:

Dollars

°C:

Degree Celsius

Ƞ :

Efficiency of the specified system

ṁ :

Mass flow rate of producer gas

M:

Molecular weight

n :

Operational years

%:

Percentage

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Acknowledgements

We would like to thank Vellore Institute of Technology, Vellore, India for providing the necessary facilities to carry out the research work.

Funding

The Department of Science and Technology – Science Technology Innovation Hub (Project No. DST/SEED/TSP/STI/2020/243) provided the fund to carry out this research work.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. School of Mechanical Engineering, Vellore Institute of Technology, Vellore, 632014, Tamil Nadu, India

    C. K. Pon Pavithiran, D. Sakthivadivel, G. Praveen Kumar & Bibin John

  2. Department of Energy and Environment, National Institute of Technology, Tiruchurapalli, 620015, India

    V. M. Jaganathan

  3. Institute For Energy Studies, CEG, Anna University, Chennai, 600025, India

    S. Iniyan

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  1. C. K. Pon Pavithiran
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Contributions

Pon Pavithiran C. K.: conceptualization, methodology, validation, formal analysis, investigation, writing — original draft; Sakthivadivel D.: conceptualization, methodology, supervision, project administration, funding acquisition; Praveen Kumar G.: evaluation; Bibin John: writing — review editing, investigation, supervision; Jaganathan V. M. and Iniyan S.: review and editing.

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Correspondence to D. Sakthivadivel.

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Pavithiran, C.K.P., Sakthivadivel, D., Kumar, G.P. et al. Energy analysis and carbon dioxide mitigation potential of biomass-driven combined power, cooling, and cooking systems for rural applications. Biomass Conv. Bioref. (2022). https://doi.org/10.1007/s13399-022-03565-z

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