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Extraction of novel biosilica from finger millet husk and its coconut rachilla-reinforced epoxy biocomposite: mechanical, thermal, and hydrophobic behaviour

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Abstract

High-toughness epoxy biocomposites are made in the current work employing coconut rachilla fibre and biosilica particles recovered from finger millet husk (FMH) for lightweight and affordable technological applications. The purpose of this study is to determine the impact of FMH biosilica particles added at various concentrations on the mechanical and wear properties, as well as the thermal and hydrophobic behaviour, of epoxy composites made from coconut rachilla fibre. The combination of 3 vol.% FMH biosilica particle with surface-treated palmyra sprout fibre as a reinforcing material has the highest tensile strength, impact strength, flexural strength, and hardness with 155 MPa, 6.17 J, 183 MPa, and 92 D-shore, respectively. The coconut rachilla fibre and FMH biosilica-generated epoxy composite have the lowest specific wear rate and coefficient of friction (COF) of 0.006 mm3/Nm and 0.42, respectively, with the addition of 5 vol% FMH biosilica particles. These composites also exhibit excellent thermal properties having maximum first decomposition temperature of 342 °C and glass transition temperature of 102 °C. Additionally, these composites keep their hydrophobic properties indefinitely, and the ERB3 composite has the lowest contact angle at 81°. These epoxy composites having improved mechanical, thermal, and wear properties may be helpful in a range of engineering applications that can use for high load bearing capacity and biodegradability, such as sporting goods, automobiles, home furnishings, food packaging, transport, and aircraft.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Mechanical Engineering, Vel Tech Rangarajan Dr, Sagunthala R&D Institute of Science and Technology, Chennai, 600062, Tamil Nadu, India

    P. Sivamurugan

  2. Department of Mechanical Engineering, St. Joseph’s College of Engineering, Chennai, 600119, Tamil Nadu, India

    R. Selvam

  3. Department of Mechanical Engineering, Erode Sengunthar Engineering College, Perundurai, 638057, Tamil Nadu, India

    M. Pandian

  4. Department of Botany, HKM Govt. Degree College, Bandipora, 193505, Kashmir, India

    Mohd. Shaikhul Ashraf

  5. Department of Zoology, PRR & VS Govt. College, Vidavalur, 524318, Nellore, Andhra Pradesh, India

    Inavolu Srinivasa Chakrapani

  6. Department of Mechanical Engineering, AMET University, Chennai, 603112, Tamil Nadu, India

    A. Thanikasalam

  7. School of Mechanical Engineering, Vellore Institute of Technology, Vellore, Tamil Nadu, India

    P. Roshith

  8. Department of Manufacturing Engineering, Annamalai University, Chidambaram, 608002, Tamil Nadu, India

    K. Ramesh

  9. Department of Mechanical Engineering, Mohamed Sathak Engineering College, Kilakarai, 623 806, Tamil Nadu, India

    B. Ramesh

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  1. P. Sivamurugan
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Contributions

P. Sivamurugan: research

R. Selvam: research, testing and drafting

M. Pandian: research

Mohd.ShaikhulAshraf: research and drafting

Inavolu Srinivasa Chakrapani: research

A. Thanikasalam: testing and drafting

P. Roshith: research and characterization

K. Ramesh: research and finance

B. Ramesh: research

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Correspondence to B. Ramesh.

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Sivamurugan, P., Selvam, R., Pandian, M. et al. Extraction of novel biosilica from finger millet husk and its coconut rachilla-reinforced epoxy biocomposite: mechanical, thermal, and hydrophobic behaviour. Biomass Conv. Bioref. 14, 14251–14259 (2024). https://doi.org/10.1007/s13399-022-03342-y

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