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Enhancement of nutritional quality in maize kernel through marker-assisted breeding for vte4, crtRB1, and opaque2 genes

  • Plant Genetics • Original Paper
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Abstract

Traditional maize is poor in vitamin-E [α-tocopherol (α-T): 6–8 ppm], vitamin-A [provitamin-A (proA): 1–2ppm], lysine (0.150–0.2–50%), and tryptophan (0.030–0.040%). Here, we combined favourable alleles of vte4, crtRB1, and opaque2 (o2) genes in the parents of maize hybrids, viz., APQH-10 (PMI-PV-9 × PMI-PV-14) and APQH-11 (PMI-PV-9 × PMI-PV-15) using molecular breeding. Gene-specific markers were successfully used to select vte4, crtRB1, and o2 in BC1F1, BC2F1, and BC2F2 generations. Simple sequence repeats (104–109) were used for background selection, leading to an average recovery of 94% recurrent parent genome. The introgressed inbreds possessed significantly higher α-T: 18.38 ppm, α-/γ-tocopherol (α-/γ-T: 52%), and α-/total tocopherol (α-/TT: 32%) compared to original inbreds (α-T: 8.17 ppm, α-/γ-T: 25%, α-/TT: 18%). These newly derived inbreds also possessed higher β-carotene (BC: 8.91 ppm), β-cryptoxanthin (BCX: 1.27 ppm), proA (9.54 ppm), lysine (0.348%), and tryptophan (0.082%) compared to traditional maize inbreds. The reconstituted hybrids recorded higher α-T (2.1-fold), α-/γ-T (1.9-fold), and α-/TT (1.6-fold) over the original hybrids. These reconstituted hybrids were also rich in BC (5.7-fold), BCX (3.3-fold), proA (5.3-fold), lysine (1.9-fold), and tryptophan (2.0-fold) over the traditional hybrids. The reconstituted hybrids had similar grain yield and phenotypic characteristics to original versions. These multinutrient-rich maize hybrids hold great potential to alleviate malnutrition in sustainable and cost-effective manner.

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Acknowledgements

We thank ICAR-IARI, New Delhi, for providing the field and lab facility. ICAR-IIMR, Ludhiana, is acknowledged for providing the off-season nursery at WNC, Hyderabad. We thank CIMMYT-HarvestPlus for providing the donor line. The help of CCSHAU, Uchani, in providing the original inbreds is thankfully acknowledged.

Funding

The authors received financial support from the ICAR-IARI, New Delhi, and DBT-Network project on “Enrichment of nutritional quality in maize through molecular breeding” (BT/PR10922/AGII/106/944/2014).

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  1. Division of Genetics, ICAR-Indian Agricultural Research Institute, New Delhi, 110012, India

    Firoz Hossain, Sunil K. Jaiswal, Vignesh Muthusamy, Rajkumar U. Zunjare, Subhra J. Mishra, Gulab Chand, Vinay Bhatt, Jayant S. Bhat, Abhijit K. Das, Hema S. Chauhan & Hari S. Gupta

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  1. Firoz Hossain
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Contributions

FH and VM: development of backcross progenies. SKJ: genoty** of the segregating populations. VM and JSB :conduct of the trials. SJM and HSC: biochemical analysis. GC, VB, and AKD: recording of the phenotypic data. RUZ: generation of crosses and statistical analysis. FH: writing of the manuscript. FH and HSG: designing of the experiments. All authors approved the submission and publication of this manuscript.

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Hossain, F., Jaiswal, S.K., Muthusamy, V. et al. Enhancement of nutritional quality in maize kernel through marker-assisted breeding for vte4, crtRB1, and opaque2 genes. J Appl Genetics 64, 431–443 (2023). https://doi.org/10.1007/s13353-023-00768-6

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