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Poly(Ε-Caprolactone) (PCL) Nanofibers as a Potent Platform for Co-Delivery of Vancomycin and Curcumin: Drug Release Profiling and Biophysically In-Vitro Investigating

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Abstract

Recently, researchers have increasingly considered electrospun nanofibrous scaffolds for drug delivery systems due to their ability to control the release of various drugs and natural compounds. In our study, we utilized the uniaxial electrospinning technique to create nanofibrous scaffolds using polycaprolactone (PCL). Subsequently, curcumin (Cur) and vancomycin (Vn) were individually and synergically loaded into the electrospun PCL nanofibers (NFs). The nanofibrous scaffolds were meticulously characterized utilizing a comprehensive array of analytical techniques, including scanning electron microscopy (SEM) for morphological assessment, porosity evaluation for structural analysis, tensile strength measurements to gauge mechanical properties, and investigations into water vapor permeability, swelling kinetics, and degradation rates to assess performance and stability. Additionally, the release profiles of Cur and Vn were analyzed using spectrophotometry. Upon seeding HFF-2 cells on the fabricated scaffolds, we performed cytotoxicity and cytoprotective assessments using the MTT assay. Furthermore, the morphology of the cells on the scaffolds was investigated through SEM micrographs. The obtained results indicated that the fiber diameter for PCL, PCL/Cur, PCL/Vn, and PCL/ Vn-Cur was 204 ± 52, 218 ± 63, 227 ± 74, and 238 ± 72, respectively. The MTT assay confirmed that all nanofiber groups were non-toxic and biocompatible. Notably, PCL/Cur and PCL/Vn-Cur demonstrated increased cell viability and proliferation of human foreskin fibroblast (HFF-2) cells. The cytocompatibility study of Cur and Vn loaded nanofibers (NFs) revealed a synergistic effect, leading to enhanced relative cell viability when exposing HFF-2 cells to H2O2, an oxidant compound. SEM imaging provided additional evidence of the favorable cell adhesion on the nanofibrous scaffolds, corroborating the results obtained from the MTT assay. This observation underscores the efficacy of the Vn-Cur-loaded NFs in promoting cell attachment and proliferation, highlighting their potential for tissue engineering and wound healing applications.

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Data Availability

Not applicable.

Abbreviations

EN:

Electrospinning

NFs:

Nanofibers

PCL:

Polycaprolactone

Cur:

Curcumin

Vn:

Vancomycin

AA:

Acetic acid

FA:

Formic acid

PBS:

Phosphate-buffered saline

MTT:

(4,5-Dimethyl- 2-thiazolyl)-2,5-diphenyl-2H-tetrazolium bromide

DMEM:

Dulbecco’s modified eagle’s medium

DMSO:

Dimethyl sulfoxide

WVTR:

Water vapor transition rate

H2O2 :

Hydrogen peroxide

GA:

Glutaraldehyde

HFF-2:

Human foreskin fibroblast

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Funding

The authors would like to thank the Department of Clinical Science, Science and Research Branch, Islamic Azad University, and the Department of Medical Nanotechnology, Faculty of Advanced Medical Sciences, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences for financially supporting this project (grant no: 62379).

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Clinical Science, Science and Research Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran

    Amirreza Hajati Ziabari & Alireza Jahandideh

  2. Department of Medical Nanotechnology, Faculty of Advanced Medical Sciences, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran

    Abolfazl Akbarzadeh

  3. Universal Scientific Education and Research Network (USERN), Tabriz, Iran

    Abolfazl Akbarzadeh

  4. Department of Pathobiology, Science and Research Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran

    Pejman Mortazavi

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  1. Amirreza Hajati Ziabari
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Contributions

AHZ: conceptualization, methodology, investigation, formal analysis, and writing—review and editing. AA: writing—original draft and writing—review and editing. PM: methodology and investigation. AJ and AA: project administration, conceptualization, supervision, resources, and funding acquisition.

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Correspondence to Alireza Jahandideh.

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The ethical approval for this paper was obtained from the research ethics committee of Tabriz University of Medical Sciences)IR.TBZMED.VCR.REC.1398.487(.

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Ziabari, A.H., Jahandideh, A., Akbarzadeh, A. et al. Poly(Ε-Caprolactone) (PCL) Nanofibers as a Potent Platform for Co-Delivery of Vancomycin and Curcumin: Drug Release Profiling and Biophysically In-Vitro Investigating. BioNanoSci. (2024). https://doi.org/10.1007/s12668-024-01488-9

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