Abstract
The relationship between sugarcane genotype and symbiosis with arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) remains poorly understood, especially regarding different soil moisture levels. Our objective was to evaluate the effect of soil moisture on the AMF community structure, spore abundance and colonization ratio in a plantation with eight sugarcane genotypes (CTC15, CTC17, RB867515, RB92579, RB931011, RB966928, IAC5000 and NCo376). The study was carried out in Piracicaba, São Paulo and Brazil in an experimental plot setup in a randomized block design, with three replicates (blocks). We collected soil and root samples in a greenhouse experiment under two water replenishment levels: 100 and 50% of soil moisture at field capacity (θFC). We extracted spores and assessed the AMF root colonization ratio by using specific dyes and determining the percentage of root length colonized in the different sugarcane genotypes. In addition, we evaluated the AMF community structure by PCR and denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis. In general, the spore abundance and root colonization ratio were higher in all varieties at 100% θFC. However, the IAC5000 and RB966928 genotypes showed higher colonization levels even at 50% θFC. The AMF community structure was also influenced by soil water levels with group separations across 100 and 50% θFC. Sugarcane productivity as measured by stalk plus root dry mass was positively correlated with AMF colonization rates in 100% θFC. Thus, the water replenishment levels used in sugarcane cultivation can influence spore abundance, colonization ratios and AMF community structure in the soil. The selection of a sugarcane genotype with greater AMF association under low water replenishment levels may be a primary factor in growing sugarcane in areas with low water availability.
This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.
Similar content being viewed by others
References
Al-Yahyaei, M.N., F. Oehl, M. Vallino, E. Lumini, D. Redecker, A. Wiemken, and P. Bonfante. 2011. Unique arbuscular mycorrhizal fungal communities uncovered in date palm plantations and surrounding desert habitats of southern Arabia. Mycorrhiza 21: 195–209. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00572-010-0323-5.
Antolín, M.C., H. Santesteban, M. Ayari, J. Aguirreolea, and M. Sánchez-Díaz. 2010. Grapevine fruiting cuttings: An experimental system to study grapevine physiology under water deficit conditions. In Methodologies and Results in Grapevine Research, 151–163. Dordrecht: Springer, Netherlands. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-90-481-9283-0_11.
Asrar, A.A., G.M. Abdel-Fattah, and K.M. Elhindi. 2012. Improving growth, flower yield, and water relations of snapdragon (Antirhinum majus L.) plants grown under well-watered and water-stress conditions using arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi. Photosynthetica 50: 305–316. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11099-012-0024-8.
Bever, J.D., J.B. Morton, J. Antonovics, and P.A. Schultz. 1996. Host-dependent sporulation and species-diversity of Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungi in a Mown grassland. Journal Of Ecology 84: 71–82.
Bonfim, J.A., S.N. Matsumoto, J.M. Lima, F.R. Coutinho Fontes César, and M.A. Ferreira Santos. 2010. Fungos micorrízicos arbusculares (FMA) e aspectos fisiológicos em cafeeiros cultivados em sistema agroflorestal e a pleno sol. Bragantia 69: 201–206. https://doi.org/10.1590/S0006-87052010000100025.
Bonfim, J.A., R.L. Figueiredo Vasconcellos, T. Gumiere, D. de Lourdes, C. Mescolotti, F. Oehl, and E.J.B.N Cardoso. 2016. Diversity of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi in a Brazilian Atlantic forest toposequence. Microbial Ecology 71: 164–177. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00248-015-0661-0.
Bowles, T. M., L. E. Jackson, and T. R. Cavagnaro. 2018. Mycorrhizal fungi enhance plant nutrient acquisition and modulate nitrogen loss with variable water regimes. Global Change Biology 24: e171–e182. https://doi.org/10.1111/gcb.13884.
Brundrett, M.C. 2009. Mycorrhizal associations and other means of nutrition of vascular plants: Understanding the global diversity of host plants by resolving conflicting information and develo** reliable means of diagnosis. Plant and Soil 320: 37–77. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11104-008-9877-9.
Brundrett, M., and B. Kendrick. 1990. The roots and mycorrhizas of herbaceous woodland plants: II. Structural aspects of morphology. New Phytologist 114: 469–479. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1469-8137.1990.tb00415.x.
Brundrett, M., N. Bougher, B. Dell, T. Grove, and N. Malajczuk. 1996. Working with Mycorrhizas in Forestry and Agriculture. Canberra: Australian Centre for International Agricultural Research (ACIAR).
Candido, V., G. Campanelli, T. D’Addabbo, D. Castronuovo, M. Perniola, and I. Camele. 2015. Growth and yield promoting effect of artificial mycorrhization on field tomato at different irrigation regimes. Scientia Horticulturae 187: 35–43. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scienta.2015.02.033.
Cardoso, E.J., B. Nogueira, R.L. Nogueira, F. Vasconcellos, D. Bini, M. Yumi, H. Miyauchi, et al. 2013. Soil health: Looking for suitable indicators. What should be considered to assess the effects of use and management on soil health? Scientia Agricola 70: 274–289. https://doi.org/10.1590/S0103-90162013000400009.
Conab. 2017. Companhia Nacional de Abastecimento - CONAB - Monitoramento agrícola – Safra 2016/17. http://www.conab.gov.br/OlalaCMS/uploads/arquivos/17_04_20_14_04_31_boletim_cana_portugues_-_1o_lev_-_17-18.pdf. Acessado em 26 de dezembro de 2017.
de Araujo, P., A. Prudêncio, M.C. Santana, J.A. Bonfim, D. de Lourdes Mescolotti, and E.J.B.N. Cardoso. 2018. Digging deeper to study the distribution of mycorrhizal arbuscular fungi along the soil profile in pure and mixed Eucalyptus grandis and Acacia mangium plantations. Applied Soil Ecology. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.apsoil.2018.03.015.
Ercin, A.E., and A.Y. Hoekstra. 2014. Water footprint scenarios for 2050: A global analysis. Environment International 64: 71–82. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.envint.2013.11.019.
Fernandes, R.A., D.A. Ferreira, O.J. Saggin-Junior, S.L. Stürmer, H.B. Paulino, J.O. Siqueira, M.A.C. Carneiro, et al. 2016. Occurrence and species richness of mycorrhizal fungi in soil under different land use 1. Journal of Soil Science 96: 271–280. https://doi.org/10.1139/cjss-2015-0011.
Finlay, R.D., and D.J. Read. 1986. The structure and function of the vegetative mycelium of ectomycorrhizal plants: I. Translocation of 14C-labelled carbon between plants interconnected by a common mycelium. New Phytologist 103: 143–156. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1469-8137.1986.tb00603.x.
Friese, C.F., and M.F. Allen. 1991. The spread of VA mycorrhizal fungal hyphae in the soil: Inoculum types and external hyphal architecture. Mycologia 83: 409–418. https://doi.org/10.2307/3760351.
Galvão, L.S., A.R. Formaggio, and D.A. Tisot. 2005. Discrimination of sugarcane varieties in southeastern Brazil with EO-1 hyperion data. Remote Sensing of Environment 94: 523–534. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.rse.2004.11.012.
Gerdemann, J.W., and T.H. Nicolson. 1963. Spores of mycorrhizal endogone species extracted from soil by wet sieving and decanting. Transactions of the British Mycological Society 46: 235–244. https://doi.org/10.1016/s0007-1536(63)80079-0.
Giovannetti, M., and B. Mosse. 1980. An evaluation of techniques for measuring vesicular arbuscular mycorrhizal infection in roots. New Phytologist 84: 489–500. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1469-8137.1980.tb04556.x.
Helgason, T., A.H. Fitter, and J.P.W. Young. 1999. Molecular diversity of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi colonising Hyacinthoides non-scripta (Bluebell) in a seminatural woodland. Molecular Ecology 8: 659–666. https://doi.org/10.1046/j.1365-294x.1999.00604.x.
Holanda, L.A., C.M. Santos, G.D.S. Neto, A. De Pádua Sousa, and M. De Almeida Silva. 2014. Variáveis morfológicas da Cana-De-Açúcar em função do regime hídrico durante O desenvolvimento inicial. Irriga 19: 573. https://doi.org/10.15809/irriga.2014v19n4p573.
Inman-Bamber, N.G. 2004. Sugarcane Water stress criteria for irrigation and drying off. Field Crops Research 89: 107–122. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.fcr.2004.01.018.
Jansa, J., A. Mozafar, G. Kuhn, T. Anken, R. Ruh, I.R. Sanders, and E. Frossard. 2003. Soil tillage affects the community structure of mycorrhizal fungi in maize roots. Ecological Applications 13: 1164–1176.
Landis, F.C., A. Gargas, and T.J. Givnish. 2004. Relationships among arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi, vascular plants and environmental conditions in oak savannas. New Phytologist 164: 493–504. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1469-8137.2004.01202.x.
Liu, J., J. Basnayake, P.A. Jackson, X. Chen, J. Zhao, P. Zhao, L. Yang, et al. 2016. Growth and yield of sugarcane genotypes are strongly correlated across irrigated and rainfed environments. Field Crops Research 196: 418–425. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.fcr.2016.07.022.
Martínez-García, L.B., J. de Dios Miranda, and F.I. Pugnaire. 2012. Impacts of changing rainfall patterns on mycorrhizal status of a shrub from arid environments. European Journal of Soil Biology 50: 64–67. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ejsobi.2011.12.005.
Melloni, R., and E.J.B.N. Cardoso. 1999. Quantificaçao de micélio extrarradicular de fungos micorrízicos arbusculares em plantas citricas. II. Comparaçao entre diferentes espécies cítricas e endófitos. Revista Brasileira de Ciencia do Solo 23: 59–67.
Muyzer, G., E.C. de Waal, and A.G. Uitterlinden. 1993. Profiling of complex microbial populations by denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis analysis of polymerase chain reaction-amplified genes coding for 16S rRNA. Applied and Environmental Microbiology 59: 695–700.
Olayide, O.E., I.K. Tetteh, and L. Popoola. 2016. Differential impacts of rainfall and irrigation on agricultural production in Nigeria: Any lessons for climate-smart agriculture? Agricultural Water Management 178: 30–36. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.agwat.2016.08.034.
Querejeta, J.I., L.M. Egerton-Warburton, and M.F. Allen. 2009. Topographic position modulates the mycorrhizal response of oak trees to interannual rainfall variability. Ecology 90: 649–662.
Ramette, A. 2007. Multivariate analyses in microbial ecology. FEMS Microbiology Ecology 62: 142–160. https://doi.org/10.1111/J.1574-6941.2007.00375.x.
Rapparini, F., and J. Peñuelas. 2014. Mycorrhizal fungi to alleviate drought stress on plant growth. In Use of Microbes for the Alleviation of Soil Stresses, Volume 1, 21–42. New York, NY: Springer, New York. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4614-9466-9_2.
Redecker, D., A. Schüßler, H. Stockinger, S.L. Stürmer, J.B. Morton, and C. Walker. 2013. An evidence-based consensus for the classification of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (Glomeromycota). Mycorrhiza 23: 515–531. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00572-013-0486-y.
Saia, S., G. Amato, A.S. Frenda, D. Giambalvo, and P. Ruisi. 2014. Influence of arbuscular mycorrhizae on biomass production and nitrogen fixation of berseem clover plants subjected to water stress. PLoS ONE. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0090738.
Schalamuk, S., and M. Cabello. 2010. Arbuscular mycorrhizal fungal propagules from tillage and no-tillage systems: Possible effects on glomeromycota diversity. Mycologia 102: 261–268.
Simon, L., M. Lalonde, and T.D. Bruns. 1992. Specific amplification of 18S fungal ribosomal genes from VA endomycorrhizal fungi colonizing roots. Applied and Environmental Microbiology 58: 291–295.
Smith, S.E., D. Read. 2008a. The roles of mycorrhizas in successional processes and in selected biomes. In Mycorrhizal Symbiosis, eds. Sally E. Smith, and David Read, 525–572. Academic Press, London. https://doi.org/10.1016/b978-012370526-6.50017-9.
Smith, S.E., D. Read. 2008b. Mycorrhizas in agriculture, horticulture and forestry. In Mycorrhizal Symbiosis, eds. Sally E. Smith, and David Read, 611–XVIII. Academic Press, London. https://doi.org/10.1016/b978-012370526-6.50019-2.
Sousa, C.C.M., E.M.R. De, M.M. Pedrosa, U.M.T. Rolim, I.P. Cavalcante, M. Júnior, J.V. Pereira, and J.V.P. Filho. 2015. Initial development and chemical components of sugarcane under water stress associated with arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi. Revista Brasileira de Engenharia Agricola e Ambiental 19: 548–552.
Subramanian, K.S., P. Santhanakrishnan, and P. Balasubramanian. 2006. Responses of field grown tomato plants to arbuscular mycorrhizal fungal colonization under varying intensities of drought stress. Scientia Horticulturae 107: 245–253. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scienta.2005.07.006.
Symanczik, S., P.E. Courty, T. Boller, A. Wiemken, N. Mohamed, and M.N. Al-Yahya’ei. 2015. Impact of water regimes on an experimental community of four desert arbuscular mycorrhizal fungal (AMF) species, as affected by the introduction of a non-native AMF species. Mycorrhiza 25: 639–647. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00572-015-0638-3.
Teixeira, Luiz A.J., A. Spironello, J.A. Quaggio, and P. Furlani. 1997. Recomendações de adubação e calagem para o estado de São Paulo (Boletim Técnico, 100), 131–132.
Torres, N., N. Goicoechea, and M.C. Antolín. 2018. Influence of irrigation strategy and mycorrhizal inoculation on fruit quality in different clones of tempranillo grown under elevated temperatures. Agricultural Water Management 202: 285–298. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.agwat.2017.12.004.
van Genuchten, MTh. 1980. A closed-form equation for predicting the hydraulic conductivity of unsaturated soils 1. Soil Science Society of America Journal. https://doi.org/10.2136/sssaj1980.03615995004400050002x.
van Raij, B., J.C. Andrade, H. Cantarella, and J.A. Quaggio. 2001. Análise Química Para Avaliação da Fertilidade de Solos Tropicais, 285. Campinas: Campinas Instituto Agronômico.
Verzeaux, J., E. Nivelle, D. Roger, B. Hirel, F. Dubois, and T. Tetu. 2017. Spore density of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi is fostered by six years of a no-till system and is correlated with environmental parameters in a silty loam soil. Agronomy 7. Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute 38. https://doi.org/10.3390/agronomy7020038.
Viana, A., S. Bastos, R.C. De Oliveira, N. Furtado, M.B. Teixeira, F. Antonio, L. Soares, and E. Cabral. 2015. Productivity and dry matter accumulation of sugarcane crop under irrigation and nitrogen application at Rio Verde GO, Brazil. American Journal of Plant Sciences. https://doi.org/10.4236/ajps.2015.614240.
Waclawovsky, A.J., P.M. Sato, C.G. Lembke, P.H. Moore, and G.M. Souza. 2010. Sugarcane for bioenergy production: An assessment of yield and regulation of sucrose content. Plant Biotechnology Journal 8: 263–276. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1467-7652.2009.00491.x.
Wang, J., S. Nayak, K. Koch, and R. Ming. 2013. Carbon partitioning in sugarcane (Saccharum species). Frontiers in Plant Science 4: 201. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpls.2013.00201.
White, T.J., T. Bruns, S. Lee, and J. Taylor. 1990. Amplification and direct sequencing of fungal ribosomal RNA genes for phylogenetics BT. PCR Protocols. https://doi.org/10.1016/B978-0-12-372180-8.50042-1.
Wilkinson, L. 2011. ggplot2: Elegant graphics for data analysis by Wickham, H. Biometrics 67: 678–679. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1541-0420.2011.01616.x.
Wu, B., H. Maruyama, M. Teramoto, and T. Hogetsu. 2012. Structural and functional interactions between extraradical mycelia of ectomycorrhizal Pisolithus isolates. New Phytologist 194: 1070–1078. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1469-8137.2012.04126.x.
Zhang, Q., X. Liming, J. Tang, M. Bai, and X. Chen. 2011. Arbuscular mycorrhizal mediation of biomass-density relationship of Medicago sativa l. under two water conditions in a field experiment. Mycorrhiza 21: 269–277. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00572-010-0331-5.
Acknowledgements
This work was supported by FAPESP (Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (Processes No. 2012/50083-7 and USP - ETH-FAPESP:30761).
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding authors
Electronic supplementary material
Below is the link to the electronic supplementary material.
Rights and permissions
About this article
Cite this article
da Silva Barros, T.H., de Araujo Pereira, A.P., de Souza, A.J. et al. Influence of Sugarcane Genotype and Soil Moisture Level on the Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungi Community. Sugar Tech 21, 505–513 (2019). https://doi.org/10.1007/s12355-018-0640-0
Received:
Accepted:
Published:
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s12355-018-0640-0