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Mineralogy and geochemistry of clastic sediments of the Terani Formation, Cauvery Basin, southern India: implications for paleoweathering, provenance and tectonic setting

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Abstract

Mineralogical and geochemical (major, trace and rare earth elements) studies were carried out on the clay samples of the Terani Formation, South India to investigate the paleoweathering, source rocks characteristics and tectonic setting. The chemical index of alteration (CIA), plagioclase index of alteration (PIA) values and A-CN-K diagram indicate that clays were generated from source rocks of the upper continental crust affected by intense chemical weathering. The chondrite-normalized REE patterns show considerable LREE enrichment, HREE depletion with significant negative Eu anomalies. The REE patterns, elemental ratios like Al2O3/TiO2 Cr/Ni, Eu/Eu*, (La/Lu)cn, La/Sc, Th/Sc, La/Co, Th/Co, and Cr/Th, discriminant function diagram, various bivariate and ternary plots indicate the contribution of sediments from felsic and intermediate source rocks. The discriminant-function-based tectonic setting diagrams reveal passive margin setting for the source area of the Terani Formation.

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Acknowledgments

This work represents part of an MSc thesis completed by the author, R. Subin Prakash. This study was supported by ERNO, Instituto de Geología, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México through an internal project. We wish to express our gratefulness to Mr. Pablo Peñalor for powdering samples for geochemical study.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Estacion Regional del Noroeste, Instituto de Geología, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Hermosillo, Sonora, 83000, México

    Jayagopal Madhavaraju

  2. Department of Geology, School of Earth Sciences, University of Madras, Guindy Campus, Chennai, 600 025, India

    Subin Prakash Rajendra & Sooriamuthu Ramasamy

  3. School of Earth and Environmental Sciences, Seoul National University, Seoul, 08826, Republic of Korea

    Yong Il Lee

  4. Posgrado en Ciencias de la Tierra, Estación Regional del Noroeste, Instituto de Geología, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Hermosillo, Sonora, 83000, México

    Erik Ramirez Montoya

  5. Instituto de Geología, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Dolgoprudnyi, Ciudad de México, 04510, México

    Rufino Lozano SantaCruz

  6. Laboratorio Nacional de Geoquímica y Mineralogía (LANGEM), Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Coyoacán, 04510, México

    Rufino Lozano SantaCruz

Authors
  1. Jayagopal Madhavaraju
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  2. Subin Prakash Rajendra
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  3. Yong Il Lee
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  4. Erik Ramirez Montoya
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  5. Sooriamuthu Ramasamy
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  6. Rufino Lozano SantaCruz
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Corresponding author

Correspondence to Jayagopal Madhavaraju.

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Madhavaraju, J., Rajendra, S.P., Lee, Y.I. et al. Mineralogy and geochemistry of clastic sediments of the Terani Formation, Cauvery Basin, southern India: implications for paleoweathering, provenance and tectonic setting. Geosci J 24, 651–667 (2020). https://doi.org/10.1007/s12303-019-0047-2

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s12303-019-0047-2

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