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Dark Mold Infections in Solid Organ Transplant Recipients

  • Fungal Infections in Transplantation (S Shoham, Section Editor)
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Abstract

Purpose of Review

Solid organ transplant (SOT) recipients are a high-risk population for invasive fungal infections. While infections with black molds are rare in SOT recipients, they are important to consider since morbidity and mortality are high, and the treatment may differ substantially from other more common invasive fungal infections.

Recent Findings

The incidence of black molds tends to be increasing. While the backbone of diagnosis remain traditional tools like histopathology and culture, the rapid evolution of non-culture-based methods for molecular detection promises improved identification of these rare fungi. While for many of those rare fungal infections liposomal amphotericin B remains the treatment of choice, mold active triazoles are the backbone for treatment of scedosporiosis and lomentosporiosis. New antifungal agents like ibrexafungerp, olorofim, and fosmanogepix may provide additional treatment options for the future.

Summary

In this paper, we review infections caused by black molds in SOT recipients. The focus lies on epidemiology, diagnostic work-up, and antifungal treatment.

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Funding

The research was supported by NIH (UL1TR001442) and an Investigator-Initiated Research Project from Astellas (ISR005824).

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  1. Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Internal Medicine, Medical University of Graz, Auenbruggerplatz 15, 8036, Graz, Austria

    Johannes Boyer, Lisa Kriegl, Robert Krause & Martin Hoenigl

  2. BioTechMed Graz, Graz, Austria

    Robert Krause & Martin Hoenigl

  3. Division of Infectious Diseases and Global Public Health, Department of Medicine, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, San Diego, CA, USA

    Martin Hoenigl

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MH received research funding from Astellas, MSD, Gilead, Scynexis, Pfizer, Euroimmun, and Pulmocide. All other authors declare that they have no conflicts of interest.

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Boyer, J., Kriegl, L., Krause, R. et al. Dark Mold Infections in Solid Organ Transplant Recipients. Curr Fungal Infect Rep 16, 107–115 (2022). https://doi.org/10.1007/s12281-022-00436-y

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