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Atomic regulations of single atom from metal-organic framework derived carbon for advanced water treatment

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Abstract

Single atom (SA)-embedded nitrogen-doped carbon has shown great potential in environmental remediation. Nowadays, engineered nanomaterials (ENMs) have attracted great research interests in recent years. Metal-organic framework (MOF) derived SAs show the advantages of tunable topology and averaged separated active sites. SAs bridge the gap between homogeneous and heterogeneous catalysts. The reaction efficiency can be significantly improved by designing the MOFs derived from carbon and SAs. In this review, the research advanced in MOFs-derived carbon and SAs in advanced oxidation process (AOP) in water were summarized. Major strategies to fabricate the SAs derived from MOFs were discussed, including the mixed/single metal strategy, metal-containing linker strategy, pore confinement strategy, thermal diffusion strategy, and pyrolysis MOFs with bulk metals. Advanced characterization technologies have been introduced, including electron microscopy and spectroscopic methods. To explain the catalytic mechanism for various applications, the relationship between the performance and the atomic configuration was systematically discussed. Recent applications of the MOFs derived from carbon and SAs have been summarized. A series of the latest work on effectively removing pollutants by SAs are also listed. Based on the fundamental knowledge and recent practical application of MOFs-derived carbon and SAs, some perspectives on the further directions were presented. This review offers guidance for applying novel engineered nanomaterials in the water treatment field.

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Acknowledgements

This work was financially supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Nos. 21971017 and 21906007), the National Key Research and Development Program of China (No. 2020YFB1506300), and the Bei**g Institute of Technology Research Fund Program. We gratefully acknowledge the Analysis and Testing Center of the Bei**g Institute of Technology and the Bei**g Institute of Technology Research Fund Program.

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  1. Key Laboratory of Cluster Science Ministry of Education, Bei**g Key Laboratory of Photoelectronic/Electrophotonic Conversion Materials, Advanced Technologies Research Institute (**an), Advanced Research Institute of Multidisciplinary Science, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Bei**g Institute of Technology, No. 5, South Street, Zhongguancun, Haidian District, Bei**g, 100081, China

    **ang Li & Bo Wang

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  1. **ang Li
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Li, X., Wang, B. Atomic regulations of single atom from metal-organic framework derived carbon for advanced water treatment. Nano Res. 16, 10326–10341 (2023). https://doi.org/10.1007/s12274-023-5616-z

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