Abstract
As a crash energy absorber, a tube-type crash element (expansion tube) dissipates kinetic energy through the internal deformation energy of the tube and through frictional energy. In this paper, the effects of the variation of punch angles on the energy-absorbing characteristics of expansion tubes were studied by quasi-static tests using three punch angles (15°, 30°, and 45°). A finite element analysis of the tube expanding process (m = τ max /K) was performed using a shear friction model to confirm the variation of the shear friction factor with respect to punch angles using the inverse method. Additional analyses were performed using angles of 20°, 25°, 35°, and 40° to study the effect of the punch angles on the internal deformation energy, frictional energy, and expansion ratio of the tubes. The results of the experiment and finite element analysis showed that the shear friction factor was inversely proportional to the punch angles, and a specific punch angle existed at which the absorbed energy and expansion ratio remained constant.
Similar content being viewed by others
References
Eren, I., Gür, Y. and Aksoy, Z. (2009). Finite element analysis of collapse of front side rails with new types crush initiators. Int. J. Automotive Technology 10,4, 451–457.
Forestier, R., Massoni, E. and Chastel, Y. (2002). Estimation of constitutive parameters using an inverse method coupled to a 3D finite element software. J. Materials Processing Technology, 125–126, 594–601.
Hayhurst, D. R. and Chan, M. W. (2008). Determination of friction models for metallic die-workpiece interfaces. Int. J. Mechanical Sciences, 47, 1–25.
Karrech, A. and Seibi, A. (2010). Analytical model for the expansion of tubes under tension. J. Materials Processing Technology, 210, 356–362.
Lucanin, V., Tanaskovic, J., Milkovic, D. and Golubovic, S. (2007). Experimental research of the tube absorbers of kinetic energy during collision. FME Transactions 35,4, 201–204.
Luo, Y. H., Huang, Z. W. and Zhang, X. L. (2007). FEM analysis of external inversion and energy absorbing characteristics of inverted tubes. J. Materials Processing Technology, 187–188, 279–282.
Marsolek, J. and Reimerdes, H. G. (2004). Energy absorption of metallic cylindrical shells with induced non-axisymmetric folding patterns. Int. J. Impact Engineering 30,8–9, 1209–1223.
Miscow, F. P. C. and Al-Qureshi, H. A. (1977). Mechanics of static and dynamic inversion process. Int. J. Mechanical Science 39,2, 147–161.
Shakeri, M., Salehghaffari, S. and Mirzaeifar, R. (2007). Expansion of circular tubes by rigid tubes as impact energy absorbers: Experimental and theoretical investigation. Int. J. Crashworthiness 12,5, 493–501.
Tan, X. (2002). Comparisons of friction models in bulk metal forming. Tribology Int., 35, 385–393.
Zhou, J. M., Qi, L. H. and Chen, G. D. (2006). New inverse method for identification of constitutive parameters. Trans. Nonferrous Materials Society of China, 16, 148–152.
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding author
Rights and permissions
About this article
Cite this article
Choi, W.M., Kim, J.S., Jung, H.S. et al. Effect of punch angle on energy absorbing characteristics of tube-type crash elements. Int.J Automot. Technol. 12, 383–389 (2011). https://doi.org/10.1007/s12239-011-0045-5
Received:
Revised:
Published:
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s12239-011-0045-5