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Trace Element Changes in the Plasma of Autism Spectrum Disorder Children and the Positive Correlation Between Chromium and Vanadium

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Abstract

Existing data demonstrate a significant correlation between autism spectrum disorder (ASD) and the status of biologically essential and toxic trace elements. However, there is still a lack of data on the steady state of trace elements in ASD. We performed a case–control study to explore the association between the risk of ASD and 23 trace elements in plasma. The results showed that children with ASD had considerably decreased lithium (Li), manganese (Mn), selenium (Se), barium (Ba), mercury (Hg), and tin (Sn) levels when compared to their age- and sex-matched controls. Meanwhile, children with ASD had considerably increased plasma chromium (Cr) and vanadium (V) concentrations. We also divided each group into subgroups based on age and gender and created element-related networks for each subgroup. We detected significant element correlations within or between subgroups, as well as changes in correlations that included all elements examined. Finally, more element correlations were observed among males, which may open a new avenue for understanding the complicated process behind the sex ratio of children with ASD. Overall, our data revealed a novel relationship between elements and ASD, which may extend current understanding about ASD.

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Data Availability

The datasets generated and/or analyzed during the current study are available from the corresponding author on reasonable request.

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Funding

This study was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant No. 31870825), the Shenzhen Bureau of Science, Technology, and Information (No. JCYJ20170412110026229), and the Shenzhen-Hong Kong Institute of Brain Science-Shenzhen Fundamental Research Institutions (No. 2021SHIBS0003).

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. College of Life Science and Oceanography, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, 518071, People’s Republic of China

    Jun Zhang, **g Lin, Fang Yao, Zhijun He, Xueshan Cao, Naseer Ullah Khan & Liming Shen

  2. School of Public Health, Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution Monitoring Control Ministry of Education, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, 550025, People’s Republic of China

    Jun Zhang & Peng Luo

  3. Shenzhen-Hong Kong Institute of Brain Science-Shenzhen Fundamental Research Institutions, Shenzhen, 518055, People’s Republic of China

    **g Lin

  4. Shenzhen Academy of Metrology and Quality Inspection, Shenzhen, 518055, People’s Republic of China

    **ying Zhao

  5. Brain Disease and Big Data Research Institute, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, 518071, People’s Republic of China

    Fang Yao

  6. Maternal and Child Health Hospital of Baoan, Shenzhen, 518100, People’s Republic of China

    Chengyun Feng & Yan Gao

  7. Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Marine Biotechnology and Ecology, Shenzhen, 518071, People’s Republic of China

    Zhijun He

  8. Department of Psychology, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, 30322, USA

    Margy Chen

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  1. Jun Zhang
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Contributions

LMS and JZ conceived and designed the experiments and drafted the manuscript. JZ, JL, XYZ, FY, ZJH, and XSC performed the experiments and analyzed the data. CYF and YG recruited patients and collected the blood samples. NUK, MC, and PL helped to revise the manuscript. All authors read and approved the final manuscript.

Corresponding author

Correspondence to Liming Shen.

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The Maternal and Child Health Hospital of Baoan and the Shenzhen University approved study procedures. Written informed consent was obtained from the parents and/or from legal guardians of each child prior to enrollment and all analyses in this study.

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The authors declare no competing interests.

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Zhang, J., Lin, J., Zhao, X. et al. Trace Element Changes in the Plasma of Autism Spectrum Disorder Children and the Positive Correlation Between Chromium and Vanadium. Biol Trace Elem Res 200, 4924–4935 (2022). https://doi.org/10.1007/s12011-021-03082-6

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