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Plastic-Derived Solid Acid Catalysts for the Production of Methyl 2-Hydroxyisobutyrate via Esterification

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Abstract

In this study, we successfully prepare solid acid catalysts using plastic as the starting material for the production of methyl 2-hydroxyisobutyrate (HBM) through the esterification of 2-hydroxyisobutyric acid (HBA) and methanol. Polyethylene (PE) and polyvinyl chloride (PVC) are sulfonated at different temperatures (X) to obtain sulfonated polymer catalysts (SPE_X and SPVC_X). Various characterizations clearly confirm the introduction of sulfonic acid groups (–SO3H groups), which serve as active sites in this reaction, on the PE and PVC surfaces via sulfonation. For the SPVC_X catalysts, an excessively high sulfonation temperature facilitate the loss of chlorine groups (–Cl groups) via dehydrochlorination, resulting in a decrease in catalytic activity. In particular, the –Cl groups improve the acidic properties and accessibility of reactants to the –SO3H groups of the SPVC_X catalysts, leading to a high HBM yield. Therefore, the SPVC_120 catalyst show the highest HBM yield (ca. 75%) because of the abundant –SO3H and –Cl groups on the catalyst surface. Furthermore, the catalytic performance of the SPVC_120 catalyst surpassed those of commercial ion-exchange resins such as Amberlyst-15 and Nafion NR50, which are representative solid acid catalysts for esterification.

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Data availability

The data supporting the findings of this study are available from the corresponding author on reasonable request.

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Acknowledgements

This work was supported by 2023 Research Fund of Myongji University.

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Author notes

  1. Jimin Yun and Sangwon Kim have contributed equally.

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Chemical Engineering, Myongji University, Yongin, 17058, Republic of Korea

    Jimin Yun, Sangwon Kim & Ji Chul Jung

  2. Department of Mechanical, Smart, and Industrial Engineering, Gachon University, Seongnam, 13120, Republic of Korea

    Wonjong Jung

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  1. Jimin Yun
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Yun, J., Kim, S., Jung, W. et al. Plastic-Derived Solid Acid Catalysts for the Production of Methyl 2-Hydroxyisobutyrate via Esterification. Korean J. Chem. Eng. 41, 2297–2306 (2024). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11814-024-00154-w

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