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Different Effects of a School-Based Physical Activity Intervention on Health-related Quality of Life

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Abstract

School-based physical activity benefits the health and well-being of children and youth, but students’ activity levels are different. The aim of this study is to evaluate the intervention effect of a school-based physical activity intervention on Health-related Quality of Life for groups with different physical activity profiles at baseline. The intervention, Move for Well-being in School, targeted PE lessons, in-class activities, and physical activities during recess. It was evaluated in a cluster-randomized design and included students from 4 to 6th grade at 24 Danish public schools. Survey data on Health-related Quality of Life (KIDSCREEN-27), physical activity variables and socio-demographics were collected prior to intervention and after 9 months. The students were grouped by a latent class analysis using responses on physical activity behavior and physical self-perception: most active and most confident, moderately active and moderately confident, and least active and least confident. Students in the least active group were more likely to be member of a family from lower social class and have an overweight body image. The multilevel analyses for the (combined) associations of time, intervention and student group showed that the effect of the intervention was different between groups. For the KIDSCREEN dimensions physical well-being, psychological well-being, autonomy and parent relation showed significant interactions (p < 0.1) in favor of the lesser active and confident students in the intervention group. Trial registration: Date of registration: 24th of April 2015 retrospectively registered at Current Controlled Trials with Study ID ISRCTN12496336.

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Data Availability

Available upon request.

Code availability

The latent class analysis and linear mixed regressions were performed in R 3.2.2 using the public available packages ‘poLCA’ and ‘lme4’.

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Acknowledgements

The authors sincerely appreciate the participation, effort and support from all schools, teachers and children involved, and thank The Tryg Foundation for financial support.

Funding

The study is founded by a donation from TrygFonden, Award Number: 2013 Pulje no. 24, Recipient: Thomas Skovgaard, Ph. D.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Sports Science and Clinical Biomechanics, Research and Innovation Centre for Human Movement, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark

    Lars B. Christiansen, Søren Smedegaard & Thomas Skovgaard

  2. Department of Movement and Sports Sciences, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium

    Ruben Brondeel

  3. Centre for IT, Medical Technology and Telephony Services, The Capital Region of Denmark, Copenhagen, Denmark

    Pernille Lund-Cramer

  4. UCL Campus Odense, University College Lillebaelt, Odense, Denmark

    Søren Smedegaard

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  1. Lars B. Christiansen
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  2. Ruben Brondeel
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  4. Søren Smedegaard
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  5. Thomas Skovgaard
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Correspondence to Lars B. Christiansen.

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The study has been approved and registered by the Danish Data Protection Agency (2014–54–0693) and reported to the Danish Health Research Ethics Committee, who found no reason for a formal approval due to the non-invasive study design.

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Christiansen, L.B., Brondeel, R., Lund-Cramer, P. et al. Different Effects of a School-Based Physical Activity Intervention on Health-related Quality of Life. Applied Research Quality Life 17, 1767–1785 (2022). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11482-021-10002-2

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