SpringerLink
Log in

Quartz Substrate-Based Super Absorber Using Graphene Material with 18 Absorption Bands for Terahertz Applications

  • RESEARCH
  • Published:
Plasmonics Aims and scope Submit manuscript

Abstract

Over the last decade, researchers from all over the world have become very much interested in the terahertz gap, which has a frequency range of 0.1 to 10 THz. The terahertz band can be regarded as the next frontier for wireless communications. This work is related to the design of an octagonal-shaped metasurface-based multiband super absorber for various applications in the terahertz regime. The proposed metasurface unit cell has been configured with a simple design that contains only three different layers and achieves 18 absorption peaks with more than 90% absorption levels. The desired geometry has been structured by using an octagon-shaped graphene-based radiating patch, a quartz substrate material as a dielectric space layer, and, finally, a golden patch at the bottom layer to prevent electromagnetic wave transmission. The thickness of the golden layer is taken as 0.2 µm, the thickness of the quartz substrate material is selected as 55 µm, and the thickness of graphene is considered as 1 nm. The overall size of the proposed unit cell becomes 70 × 70 × 55.201 µm3. The better performance of the proposed metasurface absorber can be obtained by fixing the chemical potential of graphene material at 0.3 eV. The proposed absorber also exhibits a polarization-insensitive nature. Additionally, the structure is also validated through an equivalent circuit approach with the support of the ADS tool and both E- and H-field distributions are explained at each absorption peak frequency. The proposed structure’s metamaterial properties demonstrate the absorber’s metamaterial nature. Based on the findings, the proposed metamaterial perfect absorber could be a suitable choice for terahertz sensing, imaging, and high-speed communication applications.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this article

Log in via an institution

Subscribe and save

Springer+ Basic
EUR 32.99 /Month
  • Get 10 units per month
  • Download Article/Chapter or Ebook
  • 1 Unit = 1 Article or 1 Chapter
  • Cancel anytime
Subscribe now

Buy Now

Price excludes VAT (USA)
Tax calculation will be finalised during checkout.

Instant access to the full article PDF.

Institutional subscriptions

Fig. 1
Fig. 2
Fig. 3
Fig. 4
Fig. 5
Fig. 6
Fig. 7
Fig. 8
Fig. 9
Fig. 10

Data Availability

Data is provided within the manuscript.

Code Availability

Implemented through computer simulation technology (CST) software.

References

  1. Li Z-W, Li J-S (2021) Switchable terahertz metasurface with polarization conversion and filtering functions. Appl Opt 60(8):2450–2454

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  2. Chen Fu, Cheng Y, Luo H (2020) Temperature tunable narrow-band terahertz metasurface absorber based on InSb micro-cylinder arrays for enhanced sensing application. IEEE Access 8:82981–82988

    Article  Google Scholar 

  3. Patel SK, Surve J, Parmar J (2022) Detection of cancer with graphene metasurface-based highly efficient sensors. Diam Relat Mater 129:109367

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  4. Li CY, Chen C, Liu Y, Su J, Qi DX, He J, Fan RH et al (2022) Multiple-polarization-sensitive photodetector based on a perovskite metasurface. Optics Letters 47(3):565–568

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  5. BTP M, Badisa A, Das S, Patel SK, Parmar J (2022) Conformal and polarization adjustable cloaking metasurface utilizing graphene with low radar cross section for terahertz applications. Opt Quan Electron 54:454

  6. Su H-E, Li J-L, **a L (2019) A novel temperature controlled broadband metamaterial absorber for THz applications. IEEE Access 7:161255–161263

    Article  Google Scholar 

  7. Prasad N, Pardhasaradhi P, Madhav BTP, Das S, Awan WA, Hussain N (2023) Flexible metamaterial-based frequency selective surface with square and circular split ring resonators combinations for X-band applications. Mathematics 11:800

    Article  Google Scholar 

  8. Boardman A (2011) Pioneers in metamaterials: John Pendry and Victor Veselago. J Opt 13(2):020401

  9. Dolan JA, Cai H, Delalande L, Li X, Martinson AB, De Pablo JJ, López D, Nealey PF (2021) Broadband liquid crystal tunable metasurfaces in the visible: liquid crystal inhomogeneities across the metasurface parameter space. ACS Photonics 8(2):567–575

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  10. Yu F-Y, Zhu J-B, Shen X-b (2022) Tunable and reflective polarization converter based on single-layer vanadium dioxide-integrated metasurface in terahertz region. Opt Mater 123:111745

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  11. Wu J-X, Deng X-H, Liu H-F, Yuan J (2022) Perfect terahertz absorber with dynamically tunable peak and bandwidth using graphene-based metamaterials. Journal of the Optical Society of America B 39(9):2313–2318

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  12. Zhang S, Zhou K, Qiang Cheng LuLu, Li B, Song J, Luo Z (2020) Tunable narrowband shortwave-infrared absorber made of a nanodisk-based metasurface and a phase-change material Ge2Sb2Te5 layer. Appl Opt 59(21):6309–6314

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  13. Ozpinar H, Aksimsek S (2022) Fractal interwoven resonator based penta-band metamaterial absorbers for THz sensing and imaging. Sci Rep 12:19758

    Article  CAS  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

  14. Jain P, Chhabra H, Chauhan U, Prakash K, Gupta A, Soliman MS, Islam MS, Islam MT (2023) Machine learning assisted hepta band THz metamaterial absorber for biomedical applications. Sci Rep 13:1792

  15. Soltani-Zanjani M, Biabanifard S, Hemmatiyengejeh S, Soltani M, Sadrnia H (2021) Multi-bias graphene-based THz super absorber. Results in Physics 25:104326

    Article  Google Scholar 

  16. Islam MS, Sultana J, Biabanifard M, Vafapour Z, Nine MJ, Dinovitser A, Cordeiro CMB, Ng BW-H, Abbott D Tunable localized surface plasmon graphene metasurface for multiband super absorption and terahertz sensing. Carbon 158, 559–567 (2020).

  17. Xu K-D, Cai Y, Cao X, Guo Y, Zhang Y, Chen Q (2020) Multiband terahertz absorbers using T-shaped slot-patterned graphene and its complementary structure. Journal of the Optical Society of America B 37(10):3034–3040

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  18. Wang B-X, Wei Xu, Yangkuan Wu, Yang Z, Lai S, Liming Lu (2022) Realization of a multi-band terahertz metamaterial absorber using two identical split rings having opposite opening directions connected by a rectangular patch. Nanoscale Advances 4(5):1359–1367

    Article  CAS  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

  19. Ashvanth B, Partibane B, Idayachandran G (2021) Designing miniaturized metamaterial absorber with tunable multiband characteristics for THz applications. Bull Mater Sci 44:281

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  20. Babu KV, Gorre NJS (2023) Design and circuit analysis approach of graphene-based compact metamaterial-absorber for terahertz range applications. Opt Quan Electron 55:769

  21. Patel SK, Ranjeet K, Anil KS, Chandan T, Chandramauleshwar R (2024) Theoretical optimization and design of graphene-based multiple-band terahertz absorbers for sensing applications. Microsyst Technol

  22. Asgari S, Tapio F (2024) Multi-band terahertz anisotropic metamaterial absorber composed of graphene-based split square ring resonator array featuring two gaps and a connecting bar. Sci Rep 14:7747

  23. Jain P, Bansal S, Prakash K, Sardana N, Gupta N, Kumar S, Singh AK (2020) Graphene-based tunable multi-band metamaterial polarization-insensitive absorber for terahertz applications. J Mater Sci: Mater Electron 31:11878–11886

    Google Scholar 

  24. Özer Z, Akdoğan V, Wang L et al (2024) Graphene-based tunable metamaterial absorber for terahertz sensing applications. Plasmonics

  25. Armghan A, Abdulrazak LF, Baqir MA et al (2024) Multiband, polarization-insensitive absorber operating in the terahertz range. J Comput Electron

  26. Sabaruddin NR, Tan YM, Chen SH et al (2024) Designing a broadband terahertz metamaterial absorber through bi-layer hybridization of metal and graphene. Plasmonics

  27. Liu G, Qian M, ** B, Ma Z, Jiang H, Cao T, Wang B-X (2023) Research on multiple-band terahertz metamaterial absorbers having narrow discrete spacing enabled by multiple parallel metallic strip resonators. J Electron Mater 52:6436

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  28. Yijun Cai et al Tunable and polarization-sensitive graphene-based terahertz absorber with eight absorption bands. J Phys D Appl Phys 54:195106

  29. Meher PR, Mishra SK (2023) Design and development of mathematical equivalent circuit model of broadband circularly polarized semi-annular ring-shaped monopole antenna. Prog In Electromagnetics Research C 129:73–87

    Article  Google Scholar 

  30. **ong H, Tang M-C, Li M, Li D, Jiang Y-N (2018) Equivalent circuit method analysis of graphene-metamaterial (GM) absorber. Plasmonics 13:857

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  31. Babu KV, Das P, Das S et al (2023) Design of graphene-based broadband metamaterial absorber with circuit analysis approach for terahertz region applications. Opt Quant Electron 55:1188

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

Download references

Acknowledgements

The authors acknowledge DST for the support by SR/FST/ET-II/2019/450, SR/PURSE/2023/196.

Funding

No funding was received for this work.

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Electronics and Communication Engineering, GMR Institute of Technology, 532127, Razam, AP, India

    Nagandla Prasad

  2. Antennas & Liquid Crystals Research Center (ALRC), Department of Electronics & Communication Engineering, Koneru Lakshmaiah Education Foundation, Vaddeswaram, Guntur, 522502, AP, India

    Pokkunuri Pardhasaradhi  & Boddapati Taraka Phani Madhav

  3. Department of ECE, PSCMR College of Engineering & Technology, Vijayawada, AP, India

    Jammula Lakshmi Narayana

  4. Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Houston, Houston, 77204, TX, USA

    Tanvir Islam

  5. Faculty of Sciences Dhar El Mahraz-Fes, Sidi Mohamed Ben Abdellah University, Fes, Morocco

    Mohammed El Ghzaoui

  6. Department of Electronics and Communication Engineering, IMPS College of Engineering and Technology, Malda, W.B., India

    Sudipta Das

Authors
  1. Nagandla Prasad
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  2. Pokkunuri Pardhasaradhi
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  3. Boddapati Taraka Phani Madhav
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  4. Jammula Lakshmi Narayana
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  5. Tanvir Islam
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  6. Mohammed El Ghzaoui
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  7. Sudipta Das
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

Contributions

Conceptualization, writing—original draft preparation, simulations, and investigation were carried out by Nagandla Prasad, Pokkunuri Pardhasarahi, Boddapati Taraka Phani Madhav, and Sudipta Das. Methodology, formal analysis, review, and editing were carried out by Jammula Lakshmi Narayana, Tanvir Islam, and Mohammed EL Ghzaoui. All the authors have read and approved the final manuscript.

Corresponding author

Correspondence to Sudipta Das.

Ethics declarations

Ethics Approval

There is no ethics approval required. Not applicable.

Consent to Participate

Informed consent was obtained from all authors.

Consent for Publication

The authors confirm that there is informed consent to the publication of the data contained in the article.

Conflict of Interest

The authors declare no competing interests.

Additional information

Publisher's Note

Springer Nature remains neutral with regard to jurisdictional claims in published maps and institutional affiliations.

Rights and permissions

Springer Nature or its licensor (e.g. a society or other partner) holds exclusive rights to this article under a publishing agreement with the author(s) or other rightsholder(s); author self-archiving of the accepted manuscript version of this article is solely governed by the terms of such publishing agreement and applicable law.

Reprints and permissions

About this article

Check for updates. Verify currency and authenticity via CrossMark

Cite this article

Prasad, N., Pardhasaradhi , P., Madhav, B.T.P. et al. Quartz Substrate-Based Super Absorber Using Graphene Material with 18 Absorption Bands for Terahertz Applications. Plasmonics (2024). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11468-024-02416-z

Download citation

  • Received:

  • Accepted:

  • Published:

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11468-024-02416-z

Keywords

Search

Navigation