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Investigating the Optical Properties of Graphene in a Grating Structure as an Optical Absorber and Optimized the Dimensions of a Single-Layer Graphene

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Abstract

Graphene is today one of the most used materials in the production of optical devices such as photovoltaic cells, sensors and absorbers. Graphene’s unique ability to generate superb surface plasmons creates unique potential for using in absorbent materials. Graphene-based absorbers are very efficient for the application of absorber sensors, solar absorbers and terahertz absorbers. Absorber sensors by using the tunable properties of graphene are applicable in biosensors for the detection of hemoglobin, urine biomolecules and are also applicable in medical and chemical applications. Solar absorbers are suitable for use in energy harvesting devices and clean energy production. The use of graphene layer in the design of the solar absorber gives a very efficient absorption response and a suitable bandwidth. THz absorbers are applicable in sensing and imaging devices. In this research, we investigated the optical properties of graphene in a grating structure as an optical absorber and optimized the dimensions of the structure to achieve greater absorption of a single-layer graphene. We place gold nanoribbons on top of the single-layer graphene and place an anti-reflection layer on top of the structure to prevent reflection and increase light absorption by the structure. At first, this structure is examined under the TM plane wave radiation with 0° incident angle. In the next step, we optimized the dimensions of the grating by changing the width of the nanoribbons and the period of repetition of the structure. The processed structure increased the single layer graphene absorption by 60% and total absorption up to 80%. The total absorption of the optimal structure at a wavelength of about 590 nm, 100% absorption of the structure was observed. Next, we examined the behavior of graphene absorption peaks in the near-infrared area by changing the angle of incident light with the values of 15, 30, 45, 60, 75, and 90°. By analyzing graphene behavior in this area, we saw that by changing the dimensions of gold nanoribbons, the wavelength of absorption peak can be controlled from 1000 to 1600 nm. In the next step, we found that the absorption peak of structure is not sensitive to the angle of incident light, and there is no significant difference in the maximum absorption of graphene layer by changing the angle of the incident light. With high efficiency and low-angle sensitivity, this absorber has a great ability to absorb solar radiation and has rich applications in solar cells, infrared and thermal trackers.

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Acknowledgements

The author would like to thank the reviewers for their significant comments.

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  1. Department of Electrical Engineering, University of Larestan, Lar, Iran

    Abdolkarim Afroozeh

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Afroozeh, A. Investigating the Optical Properties of Graphene in a Grating Structure as an Optical Absorber and Optimized the Dimensions of a Single-Layer Graphene. Plasmonics (2023). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11468-023-02164-6

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