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Metabolomic analysis of rice brittle culm mutants reveals each mutant- specific metabolic pattern in each organ

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Abstract

Introduction

Plant cell walls play an important role in providing physical strength and defence against abiotic stress. Rice brittle culm (bc) mutants are a strength-decreased mutant because of abnormal cell walls, and it has been reported that the causative genes of bc mutants affect cell wall composition. However, the metabolic alterations in each organ of bc mutants have remained unknown.

Objectives

To evaluate the metabolic changes in rice bc mutants, comparative analysis of the primary metabolites was conducted.

Methods

The primary metabolites in leaves, internodes, and nodes of rice bc mutants and wild-type control were measured using CE- and LC-MS/MS. Multivariate analyses using metabolomic data was performed.

Results

We found that mutations in each bc mutant had different effects on metabolism. For example, higher oxalate content was observed in bc3 and bc1 bc3 mutants, suggesting that surplus carbon that was not used for cell wall components might be used for oxalate synthesis. In addition, common metabolic alterations such as a decrease of sugar nucleotides in nodes were found in bc1 and Bc6, in which the causative genes are involved in cellulose accumulation.

Conclusion

These results suggest that metabolic analysis of the bc mutants could elucidate the functions of causative gene and improve the cell wall components for livestock feed or bioethanol production.

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Abbreviations

DHAP:

Dihydroxyacetone phosphate

G1P:

Glucose-1-phosphate

G-3-P:

Glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate

G6P:

Glucose-6-phosphate

GABA:

Gamma-aminobutyrate

gEC:

Gamma-glutamylcysteine

GSH:

Glutathione (reduced)

GSSG:

Glutathione disulphide

F6P:

Fructose-6-phosphate

FBP:

Fructose-1,6-bisphosphate

2OG:

2-Oxoglutarate

PC:

Principal component

PEP:

Phosphoenolpyruvate

6PG:

6-Phosphogluconate

3PGA:

3-Phosphoglycerate

RuBP:

Ribulose-1,5-bisphosphate

R5P:

Ribose-5-phosphate

Ru5P:

Ribulose-5-phosphate

S7P:

Sedoheptulose-7-phosphate

T65:

Taichung 65

TCA:

Tricarboxylic acid

UDP-Ara:

UDP-arabinose

UDP-Gal:

UDP-galactose

UDP-GalA:

UDP-galacturonate

UDP-Glc:

UDP-glucose

UDP-GlcA:

UDP-glucuronate

UDP-GlcNAc:

UDP-N-acetylglucosamine

UDP-Xyl:

UDP-xylose

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Acknowledgements

We are grateful to Dr. Shinji Kawasaki (NIAS) for providing the rice bc mutant seeds. We thank Ms. Tomoe Nishimoto (Saitama University) for technical assistance. The present study was supported by MEXT Kakenhi Grant Number 18K14386 and 22K05435, Japan.

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Author notes

  1. Satoshi Ohkubo

    Present address: Graduate School of Life Sciences, Tohoku University, 2-1-1 Katahira, Aoba-Ku, Sendai-City, Miyagi, 980-8577, Japan

  2. Atsuko Miyagi and Kazuhisa Mori have equally contributed to this work.

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Graduate School of Science and Engineering, Saitama University, 225 Shimo-Okubo, Sakura-Ku, Saitama-City, Saitama, 338-8570, Japan

    Atsuko Miyagi, Kazuhisa Mori, Toshiki Ishikawa, Masatoshi Yamaguchi, Toshihisa Kotake & Maki Kawai-Yamada

  2. Faculty of Agriculture, Yamagata University, 1-23 Wakaba-Machi, Tsuruoka, Yamagata, 997-8555, Japan

    Atsuko Miyagi

  3. Graduate School of Agriculture, Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology, 3‑5‑8 Saiwai‑cho, Fuchu-City, Tokyo, 183‑8509, Japan

    Satoshi Ohkubo, Shunsuke Adachi & Taiichiro Ookawa

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Contributions

A.M. and K.M. wrote the manuscript. A.M., K.M., S.O., S.A., T.O., T.K. and M.K.-Y. designed research. A.M., K.M., S.O., S.A., T.I. and T.O. performed experiments. A.M., K.M., T.I., M.Y., T.K. and M.K.-Y. analysed data. All authors contributed to approve the manuscript.

Corresponding authors

Correspondence to Atsuko Miyagi or Maki Kawai-Yamada.

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Miyagi, A., Mori, K., Ishikawa, T. et al. Metabolomic analysis of rice brittle culm mutants reveals each mutant- specific metabolic pattern in each organ. Metabolomics 18, 95 (2022). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11306-022-01958-9

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