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Hydrothermally treated corncob as solid acid catalyst for facile hydrolysis of starch from avocado seed

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Abstract

Corncob residue has been successfully utilized to create a heterogeneous acid catalyst. The catalyst was developed through a two-step process. It began by carbonizing the corncob particles under hydrothermal condition at 200 °C for 10 h, and it was then followed by hydrothermal sulfonation using the concentrated H2SO4 at 150 °C for 10 h. Based on the SEM image of synthesized catalyst, the corncob-derived sulfonated solid catalyst (CC-HT-S) exhibited the irregular surface shape with the random size of pores after sulfonation. Meanwhile, the FT-IR analysis indicated the presence of –SO3H by showing the absorption band at 1030 and 1190 cm−1 for CC-HT-S. It was supported by increase in the acid density of CC-HT-S as 5.6-fold was observed higher than the untreated corncob. The CC-HT-S was further performed in the hydrolysis of starch from avocado seed to produce glucose. The optimum total reducing sugar (TRS) concentration of 5.8 g/L was obtained by hydrolyzing 4 g starch of avocado seed at 100 °C for 50 min. There was no significant reduction in catalyst activity following five consecutive reaction runs. Therefore, the developed CC-HT-S catalyst utilized in hydrolysis process for TRS production showed the potential performance to be applied in larger scale.

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Data supporting this study cannot be made available to protect further studies that related to modification and development of the catalyst.

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Acknowledgements

The authors would like to acknowledge the facilities, scientific and technical support from Material and Renewable Energy Laboratory, Engineering Faculty of ULM, and Advanced Characterization Laboratories Serpong, National Research and Innovation Institute through E- Layanan Sains, Badan Riset dan Inovasi Nasional.

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No funds, grants, or other support was received for conducting this study.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Chemical Engineering, Lambung Mangkurat University, Banjarbaru, South Kalimantan, 70714, Indonesia

    Primata Mardina, Meilana Dharma Putra, Hesti Wijayanti, Iryanti Fatyasari Nata, Rinna Juwita, Annisa Putri Kinasih & Intan Gemilang Dewi Fortuna

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Mardina, P., Putra, M.D., Wijayanti, H. et al. Hydrothermally treated corncob as solid acid catalyst for facile hydrolysis of starch from avocado seed. Reac Kinet Mech Cat 136, 2601–2615 (2023). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11144-023-02482-0

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