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Consumption of a Byproduct of Chia Seed Oil Extraction by Cold Pressing Ameliorates Cardiovascular Risks Factors in an Experimental Model of Metabolically Unhealthy Normal Weight

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Abstract

The byproduct of Salvia hispanica (chia) seed oil extraction by cold pressing, also known as expeller, possesses a high nutritional value. It is rich in proteins, fibers, minerals, and has a residual oil content of 7–11%, which is rich in omega 3 linolenic acid (ALA). However, this byproduct has been historically undervalued. Thus, the aim of current work was to study the effects of consuming of a rich in chia expeller diet on a rabbit model of metabolically unhealthy normal weight to validate their use as a functional food. Rabbits were fed different diets for a period of 6 weeks: a standard diet (CD), a high-fat diet (HFD), a rich in expeller CD (Exp-CD) and a rich in expeller HFD (Exp-HFD). The Exp-HFD attenuated the rise in basal glucose, TyG index, triglycerides, cholesterol and non-HDL cholesterol induced by the HFD. Both rich in expeller diets reduced mean arterial blood pressure (MAP) and increase liver and fat ALA levels compared to their respective controls. Furthermore, the angiotensin converting enzyme (ACE) activity was lower in the lungs of animals fed on rich in expeller diets compared to their respective controls. In vitro studies showed that ALA inhibited ACE activity. The evaluation of vascular reactivity revealed that rich in expeller diets improved angiotensin II affinity and reduced contractile response to noradrenaline. In conclusion, the consumption of rich in expeller diets showed beneficial effects in preventing cardiovascular risk factors such as insulin resistance, dyslipidemia and MAP. Therefore, its use as functional ingredient holds significant promise.

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No datasets were generated or analysed during the current study.

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Acknowledgements

The authors thank Agustina Gonzalez Colombres for technical support.

Funding

This research was supported by: PICT 2015/1164 (ANCyT-Argentina); PIUNT G728 (SCAIT, Argentina), and by institutional funds from Instituto Superior de Investigaciones Biológicas (INSIBIO).

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Author notes

  1. Gabriela Alarcón and Agostina Valoy contributed equally to this work.

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Instituto Superior de Investigaciones Biológicas (INSIBIO, UNT-CONICET), Av. Independencia 1800, San Miguel de Tucumán, Tucumán, Argentina

    Gabriela Alarcón, Agostina Valoy, Florencia Martin Alzogaray, Mirta Medina & Susana Jerez

  2. Facultad de Ciencias Naturales e IML, Universidad Nacional de Tucumán (UNT), Miguel Lillo 205, San Miguel de Tucumán, Tucumán, Argentina

    Gabriela Alarcón, Agostina Valoy, Florencia Martin Alzogaray, Analía Medina, Mirta Medina & Susana Jerez

  3. Centro de Referencia para Lactobacilos (CERELA-CONICET), Chacabuco 145, San Miguel de Tucumán, Tucumán, Argentina

    Carina Van Nieuwenhove

  4. Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad del Norte Santo Tomás de Aquino (UNSTA), Av. Presidente Perón 2085, Yerba Buena, Tucumán, Argentina

    Analía Medina

  5. Fundación Miguel Lillo, Miguel Lillo 251, San Miguel de Tucumán, Tucumán, Argentina

    Carina Van Nieuwenhove

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  1. Gabriela Alarcón
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  7. Susana Jerez
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Contributions

All authors contributed to the study conception and design. Material preparation, data collection and analysis were equally performed by Gabriela Alarcón and Agostina Valoy. Florencia Martin Alzogaray, Analia Medina, Carina Van Nieuwenhove and Mirta Medina participated of data collection. The first draft of the manuscript was written by Susana Jerez and all authors commented on previous versions of the manuscript. All authors read and approved the final manuscript.

Corresponding author

Correspondence to Susana Jerez.

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Compliance with Ethical Standards

All experimental protocols were approved by the Institutional Animal Ethics Committee (CICUAL from the National University of Tucuman, Argentina-Approval number: 021/2019; Date: November 15th, 2019; Date endorsed: March 23th, 2021) according to the Guide for the Care and Use of Laboratory Animals (NIH Publication 8th edition, updated 2011).

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Alarcón, G., Valoy, A., Alzogaray, F.M. et al. Consumption of a Byproduct of Chia Seed Oil Extraction by Cold Pressing Ameliorates Cardiovascular Risks Factors in an Experimental Model of Metabolically Unhealthy Normal Weight. Plant Foods Hum Nutr 79, 292–299 (2024). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11130-024-01193-8

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