Based on the conducted studies, the authors have determined the changes in the structural and chemical conditions of calcium silicates that are present in slag during steel smelting in a 120-ton electric arc furnace of the Danark system and its secondary refining in a steel-pouring ladle of the ladle-furnace unit. The following chain of calcium silicate transformations has been established:
A method based on the theory of MHS-phases (model of harmonic structures) was used to determine the structural conditions of calcium silicates and present them in the form of structural-ionic-molecular (SIM) complexes. It was found that 4 CaO ⋅ SiO2 (eutectic) and 3 CaO ⋅ SiO2 compounds have the highest and the second highest desulfurizing abilities, respectively. The obtained results enable control of the slag activation process to significantly increase its refining capacity, as well as predict and optimize the technological parameters of steel desulfurization without the use of expensive and scarce materials.
Similar content being viewed by others
References
A. Ya. Babanin, B. F. Belov, V. V. Belousov, and Ya. V. Pavlov, Treatment of Iron-carbon Melts with Highly-active Reagents [in Russian], Vostochnyi Izd. Dom, Donetsk (2015).
A. S. Minin and S. G. Chernyshov, “Kh80 strength grade pipes,” Neftegazopromyshlennost’, No. 6, 47–50 (2011).
D. A. Dudkin, Steel Production using a Ladle-furnace Unit [in Russian], OOO “Yugo-Vostok, Ltd,” Donetsk (2003).
A. I. Zaitsev, B. M. Mogutnov, and Ye. Kh. Shakhpazov, Physical Chemistry of Metallurgical Slags [in Russian], Nauka, Moscow (2008).
A. B. Fox, K. C. Mills, D. Lever, et al., “Development of fluoride-free fluxes for billet casting,” ISIJ Int., 45, 7, 1051–1058 (2005).
O. A. Grong, T. A. Siewert, G. P. Martins, and D. L. Olson, “Model for the silicon-manganese deoxidation of steel weld metals,” Metal. and Mater. Trans., 17, 1797–1807 (1986).
B. F. Belov, A. I. Trotsan, and Ya. P. Karlikova, Structural and Chemical Basics of Iron-carbon Melt Refining Processes [in Russian], PGTU, Mariupol (2018).
B. F. Belov, A. I. Trotsan, F. S. Kreidenko, et al., “Polygonal ternary diagram of the FeO-SiO2-CaO system,” Protsessy Litya, No. 4, 18–22 (2006).
A. Ya. Babanin, A. G. Ponomarenko, A. Ya. Mints, and I. A. Abakumov, “Classification and structuring of calcium silicates,” Vest. DonNTU, No. 1(19), 53–58 (2020).
A. I. Trotsan, B. F. Belov, and P. S. Kharlashin, “On the nature of chemical bonding between elements in metallurgical phases,” Izv. Vuzov, Chernaya Metallurgiya, No. 4, 60–64 (2002).
A. Ya. Babanin, B. F. Belov, and V. V. Belousov, “Nanostructural analysis of the mechanism of formation of non-metallic inclusions during ladle treatment of steel with ferro-silicon aluminum and silicocalcium alloys,” Elektrometallurgiya, No. 8, 30–38 (2018).
Ye. Kh. Shakhpazov, A. I. Zaitsev, and N. G. Rodionova, “Process control models for ladle treatment of steel,” Metallurg, No. 6, 30–35 (2008).
G. Jandieri, D. Sakhvadze, G. Tavadze, and T. Surguladze, “Innovatory technology of direct steel alloying and ways of its development,” Bulletin of Georgian National Academy of Sciences, 5, 1, 84–88 (2011).
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding author
Additional information
Translated from Metallurg, Vol. 65, No. 9, pp. 29–34, September, 2021. Russian DOI 10.52351/00260827_2021_09_29.
Rights and permissions
About this article
Cite this article
Babanin, A.Y., Belov, B.F., Mints, A.Y. et al. Reducing the Cost of Steel Desulfurization during Secondary Refining in a Ladle-Furnace Unit. Metallurgist 65, 960–967 (2022). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11015-022-01236-y
Received:
Published:
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11015-022-01236-y