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Grain boundary migration facilitated by phase transformation and twinning in face-centered cubic metals

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Abstract

Migration of symmetric tilt grain boundaries (STGBs) in face-centered cubic (FCC) metals under shear loading is investigated in this work. The STGBs have a tilt axis of [110], and the angle \(\theta\) between the \((1\overline{1 }\overline{1 })\) invariant planes ranges from 8° up to 28° with a 2° increment. Interesting phase transformation and twinning are observed during GB migration in Cu, Ni but not in Al. The results show that for low values of \(\theta\), under shear loading, a hexagonal close-packed (HCP) phase is formed along the original GB and the HCP phase grows via shear coupling of one of the two interfaces between the HCP and the FCC grain. As \(\theta\) increases, both interfaces between the HCP and the grains become mobile and the HCP region traverses and transforms the lattice of one grain into the other. Thus, shear coupling is accomplished and facilitated through FCC → HCP → FCC phase transformations. As \(\theta\) further increases to 18° and greater, instead of FCC → HCP phase transformation, a {111} twin is formed along the original GB. The twin expands via shear coupling of the new GB between the twin and the FCC grain. Lattice correspondences are carefully analyzed for the phase transformation and twinning. The analyses indicate that the mobility of GBs is predominantly determined by how readily lattice transformation can be accomplished. The lattice correspondence in HCP twinning modes provide key insight on the observed GB migration behavior.

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The original data of this work are available from the corresponding author (binl@iastate.edu) upon request.

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Acknowledgements

B.L. gratefully thanks the support from National Science Foundation, USA, under grant number CMMI-2016263 and 2032483.

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  1. Department of Chemical and Materials Engineering, University of Nevada, Reno, NV, 89557, USA

    Bin Li & Kefan Chen

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  1. Bin Li
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BL contributes to the design and execution of simulations, analyses, manuscript writing; KFC contributes to the simulations and analyses.

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Correspondence to Bin Li.

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Li, B., Chen, K. Grain boundary migration facilitated by phase transformation and twinning in face-centered cubic metals. J Mater Sci 58, 14740–14757 (2023). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10853-023-08863-z

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