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Tuning the acidic–basic properties by Zn-substitution in Mg–Al hydrotalcites as optimal catalysts for the aldol condensation reaction

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Abstract

Mg–Zn–Al hydrotalcites and derived mixed oxides with different Mg2+-to-Zn2+ ratios were prepared by co-precipitation in super-saturated conditions, followed by thermal decomposition at 500 °C. The synthesized materials were evaluated as catalysts for the self-condensation of octanal in order to establish structure-to-functionality properties of the prepared materials. The presence of zinc affects the structural and textural properties of the as-synthesized hydrotalcites and derived mixed oxides, and provokes a remarkable modification on the acidic–basic properties of the materials as studied by CO2 and NH3-TPD. The presence of Zn2+ caused an increment in the concentration of surface acidic sites compared to the binary Mg–Al system. The samples characterized by a Zn/Mg ratio ≤1 showed the optimal ratio of acidic and basic sites and the best catalytic performance for the production of the α,β-unsaturated aldehyde. The reconstruction of the layered materials (starting from the mixed oxides) caused an increment in the concentration of surface OH− groups, further modifying the selectivity of the reaction.

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Acknowledgements

This work was partially funded by the IWT-Belgium.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Inorganic and Physical Chemistry, Center for Ordered Materials, Organometallics and Catalysis (COMOC), Ghent University, Krijgslaan 281-S3, 9000, Ghent, Belgium

    Willinton Y. Hernández, Funda Aliç & Pascal Van Der Voort

  2. Department of Chemical Engineering and Technical Chemistry, Industrial Catalysis and Adsorption Technology (INCAT), Ghent University, Valentin Vaerwyckweg 1, 9000, Ghent, Belgium

    An Verberckmoes

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  1. Willinton Y. Hernández
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Correspondence to Pascal Van Der Voort.

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Hernández, W.Y., Aliç, F., Verberckmoes, A. et al. Tuning the acidic–basic properties by Zn-substitution in Mg–Al hydrotalcites as optimal catalysts for the aldol condensation reaction. J Mater Sci 52, 628–642 (2017). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10853-016-0360-3

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