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Thermodynamic and kinetic evidence for MgO formation and pinning behavior in glycine-doped MgB2 bulks

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Abstract

The formation and role of MgO impurity phase in the glycine (Gly; C2H5NO2)-doped MgB2 were investigated by preparing the samples from multiple routes. On the contrary to the observation that the dielectric MgO aggregates at the grain boundary and deteriorates the superconductivity in the un-doped system, the MgO particles in the Gly-doped system dispersed uniformly on the MgB2 matrix and provided enhanced effect on the critical current density. Thermodynamic and kinetic (Ozawa–Flynn–Wall method) analyses were carried out by in situ X-ray diffraction (in situ XRD) and differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) techniques, which proved that the formation of MgO is owing to the reaction between Mg and the decomposition product of Gly (CO2) in advance. Due to this prior reaction, the solid–solid Mg–B reaction followed the first-order reaction mechanism in the Gly-doped MgB2, rather than the second-order Avrami–Erofeev mechanism, which is accorded by the un-doped sample. This reaction 2 Mg + CO2 → 2 MgO + C is analogous to the dual reaction mechanism 2Mg + SiC → Mg2Si + C in the SiC-doped MgB2, and similarly the MgO served as effective pinning centers and enhanced the critical current density in the Gly-doped MgB2, while the C atoms provided the scattering effect and improved the upper critical field. Combined with the effect of histidine on the superconductivity of MgB2, we summed up the requirements for an amino acid to be an effective dopant.

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Acknowledgements

The authors are grateful to the China National Funds for Distinguished Young Scientists (Granted No. 51325401), the International Thermonuclear Experimental Reactor Program Special Project (Granted No. 2014GB125006), the National High Technology Research and Development Program of China (Granted No. 2015AA042504), the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Granted No. 51474156) for grant and financial support.

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  1. State Key Lab of Hydraulic Engineering Simulation and Safety, School of Materials Science & Engineering, Tian** University, Tian**, 300072, People’s Republic of China

    Qi Cai, Qianying Guo, Yongchang Liu, Zongqing Ma & Huijun Li

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Correspondence to Yongchang Liu.

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Cai, Q., Guo, Q., Liu, Y. et al. Thermodynamic and kinetic evidence for MgO formation and pinning behavior in glycine-doped MgB2 bulks. J Mater Sci 51, 2665–2676 (2016). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10853-015-9580-1

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